{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T07:42:59Z","timestamp":1792395779717,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003509","name":"\u00d6rebro Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003509","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005609","name":"Turun Yliopisto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005609","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sedative agents increase the risk of pulmonary aspiration, where an intact swallowing function is an important defense mechanism. Dexmedetomidine is an \u03b1\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010adrenoceptor agonist widely used during procedural sedation due to beneficial properties with minimal respiratory effects. The effects of dexmedetomidine on pharyngeal swallowing and esophageal motility are not known in detail.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To determine the effects of dexmedetomidine on pharyngeal swallowing and esophageal motility, nineteen volunteers were included in this double\u2010blinded, randomized placebo\u2010controlled cross\u2010over study. Study participants received target\u2010controlled dexmedetomidine and placebo infusions. Recordings of pressure and impedance data were acquired using a manometry and impedance solid\u2010state catheter. Data were analyzed from three bolus swallows series: baseline, during dexmedetomidine\/placebo infusion at target plasma concentrations 0.6\u00a0ng\u2009ml\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      and 1.2\u00a0ng\u2009ml\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Subjective swallowing difficulties were also recorded.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On pharyngeal swallowing, dexmedetomidine affected the upper esophageal sphincter with decreased pre\u2010 and post\u2010swallow contractile pressures and an increase in residual pressure during swallow\u2010related relaxation. On esophageal function, dexmedetomidine decreased contractile vigor of the proximal esophagus and increased velocity of the peristaltic contraction wave. Residual pressures during swallow\u2010related esophagogastric junction (EGJ) relaxation decreased, as did basal EGJ resting pressure. The effects on the functional variables were not clearly dose\u2010dependent, but mild subjective swallowing difficulties were more common at the higher dose level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dexmedetomidine induces effects on pharyngeal swallowing and esophageal motility, which should be considered in clinical patient management and also when a sedative agent for procedural sedation or for manometric examination is to be chosen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T06:02:49Z","timestamp":1669960969000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of dexmedetomidine on pharyngeal swallowing and esophageal motility\u2014A double\u2010blind randomized cross\u2010over study in healthy volunteers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9878-1735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"Cajander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health \u00d6rebro University  \u00d6rebro Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5108-7378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taher","family":"Omari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Magnuson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences \u00d6rebro University  \u00d6rebro 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