{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T02:17:18Z","timestamp":1790389038993,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]],"date-time":"2022-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\/04\/X\/NZ7\/00338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/04\/X\/NZ7\/00338"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Glyphosate\u2010based herbicides have been one of the most intensively used pollutants worldwide and food products containing glyphosate are an essential component of human and animal diet. The aim of present study was to determine the effect of glyphosate intoxication on the neurochemical properties of the enteric nervous system (ENS) neurons located in the wall of the porcine duodenum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifteen sexually immature gilts divided into 3 groups were used: control\u2014animals receiving empty gelatin capsules; G1\u2014animals receiving a low dose of glyphosate\u2014corresponding to the theoretical maximum daily intake (TMDI) \u2010 0.05\u2009mg\/kg bw\/day; G2\u2014animals receiving a higher dose of glyphosate\u2014corresponding to the acceptable daily intake (ADI)\u20140.5\u00a0mg\/kg\/day in gelatin capsules orally for 28\u2009days. After this time, the animals were euthanized and small intestine samples were collected. Frozen sections were then subjected to the procedure of double immunofluorescent staining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Glyphosate supplementation led to alterations in the neurochemical code of the ENS neurons in the porcine duodenum. Generally, increased population of neurons immunoreactive to PACAP, CGRP, CART, nNOS, and a decreased number of VAChT\u2010like immunoreactive neurons were noted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>It may be a first preclinical symptom of digestive tract dysfunction in the course of glyphosate intoxication and further studies are needed to assess the toxicity and risks of glyphosate to humans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]],"date-time":"2022-12-11T18:14:27Z","timestamp":1670782467000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Glyphosate affects the neurochemical phenotype of the intramural neurons in the duodenum in the pig"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7593-9552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Palus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn  Olsztyn Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1402-5423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Bulc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn  Olsztyn Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4679-5737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Ca\u0142ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn  Olsztyn Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1518"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-016-0117-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.4652"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Detection of glyphosate residues in animals and humans","volume":"4","author":"Kr\u00fcger M","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Environ Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4141\/cjps81-135"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4141\/cjps2013-061"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(80)90547-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-019-0453-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2014.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2009.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2015.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx1001749"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2008.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-011-0788-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114129"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119350"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/096032799678847078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2014.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(91)90237-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2015.4302"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2016.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","volume-title":"Evaluation of the Impact of Glyphosate Residues in Food on Human Health","author":"Reding MA","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-3150.2004.00475.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i33.6088"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2018.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10040138"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2018.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/AVet.58.2010.1.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2019.110673"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199604253341707"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-8-51"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000388"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168682"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.11.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19970224)378:4<454::AID-CNE2>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00318-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2022.170753"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1897\/04-088R.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117685"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2019.109846"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2018.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2017.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfv115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031126"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1922287117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2011.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.153876"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2019.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-020-02677-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2012.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft076"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00590"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","first-page":"635","article-title":"Glyphosate and AMPA inhibit cancer cell growth through inhibiting intracellular glycine synthesis","volume":"7","author":"Li Q","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug des Devel Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.10.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2009.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2009.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2012.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20133345"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115727"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31083\/j.jin2101033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0600375103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00386.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2005.12.015"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.14507","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/nmo.14507","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.14507","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T23:34:46Z","timestamp":1692315286000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.14507"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.14507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.14507","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e14507"}}