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Colonic transit is directly modulated by the enteric nervous system. Interstitial Cells of Cajal (ICC) distributed throughout the small intestine and colon serve as specialized pacemaker cells, generating rhythmic electrical slow waves within intestinal smooth muscle, or serve as an interface between smooth muscle cells and enteric motor neurons of the myenteric plexus. Interstitial Cells of Cajal loss has been reported for other preclinical models of dysmotility, and our previous experimental SCI study provided evidence of reduced excitatory and inhibitory enteric neuronal count and smooth muscle neural control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immunohistochemistry for the ICC\u2010specific marker c\u2010Kit was utilized to examine neuromuscular remodeling of the distal colon in male and female rats with experimental SCI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Myenteric plexus ICC (ICC\u2010MP) exhibited increased cell counts 3\u2009days following SCI in male rats, but did not significantly increase in females until 3\u2009weeks after SCI. On average, ICC\u2010MP total primary arborization length increased significantly in male rats at 3\u2010day, 3\u2010week, and 6\u2010week time points, whereas in females, this increase occurred most frequently at 6\u2009weeks post\u2010SCI. Conversely, circular muscle ICC (ICC\u2010CM) did not demonstrate post\u2010SCI changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data demonstrate resiliency of the ICC\u2010MP in neurogenic bowel following SCI, unlike seen in other related disease states. This plasticity underscores the need to further understand neuromuscular changes driving colonic dysmotility after SCI in order to advance therapeutic targets for neurogenic bowel treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]],"date-time":"2023-07-22T04:04:41Z","timestamp":1689998681000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Plasticity of colonic enteric nervous system following spinal cord injury in male and female rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Claire M.","family":"Werner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences Penn State University College of Medicine  Hershey Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa B.","family":"Willing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neural and Behavioral 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