{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T13:02:08Z","timestamp":1780578128303,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007197","name":"U.S. Public Health Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early\u2010life events impact maturation of the gut microbiome, enteric nervous system, and gastrointestinal motility. We examined three regions of gastric tissue to determine how maternal separation and gut microbes influence the structure and motor function of specific regions of the neonatal mouse stomach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Germ\u2010free and conventionally housed C57BL\/6J mouse pups underwent timed maternal separation (TmSep) or nursed uninterrupted (controls) until 14\u2009days of life. We assessed gastric emptying by quantifying the progression of gavaged fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)\u2010dextran. With isolated rings of forestomach, corpus, and antrum, we measured tone and contractility by force transduction, gastric wall thickness by light microscopy, and myenteric plexus neurochemistry by whole\u2010mount immunostaining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regional gastric sampling revealed site\u2010specific differences in contractile patterns and myenteric plexus structure. In neonatal mice, TmSep prolonged gastric emptying. In the forestomach, TmSep increased contractile responses to carbachol, decreased muscularis externa and mucosa thickness, and increased the relative proportion of myenteric plexus nNOS+ neurons. Germ\u2010free conditions did not appreciably alter the structure or function of the neonatal mouse stomach and did not impact the changes caused by TmSep.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>A regional sampling approach facilitates site\u2010specific investigations of murine gastric motor physiology and histology to identify site\u2010specific alterations that may impact gastrointestinal function. Delayed gastric emptying in TmSep is associated with a thinner muscle wall, exaggerated cholinergic contractile responses, and increased proportions of inhibitory myenteric plexus nNOS+ neurons in the forestomach. Gut microbes do not profoundly affect the development of the neonatal mouse stomach or the gastric pathophysiology that results from TmSep.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T11:01:36Z","timestamp":1695985296000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Site\u2010specific pathophysiology in a neonatal mouse model of gastroparesis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Price T.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology &amp; Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krishnakant G.","family":"Soni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology &amp; Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret E.","family":"Conner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Department of Education, Innovation and Technology, Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie W.","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Department of Education, Innovation and Technology, Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime P. 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