{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T21:35:58Z","timestamp":1776893758808,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]],"date-time":"2023-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>How variations predicted by pharmacogenomic testing to alter drug metabolism and therapeutic response affect outcomes for patients with disorders of gut\u2010 brain interaction is unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the prevalence of pharmacogenomics\u2010predicted drug\u2010gene interactions and symptom outcomes for patients with disorders of gut\u2010brain interaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients who were treated in our clinical practice for functional dyspepsia\/bowel disorder underwent pharmacogenomic testing. The change in symptoms from baseline to 6\u2009months was compared for patients with variations in <jats:italic>CYP2D6<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CYP2C19<\/jats:italic>, which metabolize neuromodulators, and <jats:italic>SLC6A4<\/jats:italic>, which encodes the sodium\u2010 dependent serotonin transporter.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At baseline, 79 of 94 participants (84%) had at least one predicted major drug\u2010 gene interaction, and all 94 (100%) had at least one predicted moderate interaction. For the 44 participants who completed a survey of their symptoms at 6\u2009months, the mean (SD) irritable bowel syndrome\u2010symptom severity score decreased from 284 (71) at baseline to 231 (95) at 6\u2009months (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Among patients taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, the decrease in symptom severity (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) and pain (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002) scores from baseline to 6\u2009months was greater for patients with a homozygous <jats:italic>SLC6A4<\/jats:italic> long\/long genotype (n\u2009=\u200930) (ie, increased serotonin transporter activity) than for patients with homozygous short\/short or heterozygous long\/short genotypes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200964). Symptom outcomes were not affected by <jats:italic>CYP2D6<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>CYP2C19<\/jats:italic> variations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The homozygous <jats:italic>SLC6A4<\/jats:italic> long\/long genotype confers better symptom resolution for patients with disorders of gut\u2010brain interaction who take selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors than do the homozygous short\/short or heterozygous long\/short genotypes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T03:46:06Z","timestamp":1702266366000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Most patients with disorders of gut\u2010brain interaction receive pharmacotherapy with major or moderate drug\u2010gene interactions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Revati","family":"Varma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Fellow in the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey P.","family":"Staab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric T.","family":"Matey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota 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