{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:39:15Z","timestamp":1790811555012,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cannabis use in the general population is prevalent and is rising because of increased acceptance of its use, legalization in most US states, and perceived health benefits. Cannabis product potency has dramatically increased with higher delta\u20109\u2010tetrahydrocannabinol content. Cannabis has documented antiemetic properties and cannabinoid pharmaceuticals are used in disorders like chemotherapy\u2010induced nausea and vomiting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty to eighty percent of cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) patients use cannabis products, which reportedly reduce stress as well as nausea and vomiting. Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) has a presentation similar to CVS, but is associated with longstanding, high dose cannabis use, and is thought to be relieved by sustained cannabis abstinence. Most CHS patients have used cannabis on a daily or near\u2010daily basis for more than 2\u2009years. Compulsive hot\u2010water bathing behaviors are reported by most CHS patients, but are not specific for this disorder as they are also noted by about half of CVS patients. Episodic vomiting associated with cannabis use contributes to extensive health resource use, including emergency department visits and inpatient hospitalizations, and impacts patients and their families negatively. Treatment for CHS overlaps with CVS although cannabis abstinence remains the cornerstone of its management. Challenges associated with cannabis use cessation in CHS include patient skepticism of the role of cannabis as a cause of symptoms, perceived benefits of cannabis, and a lack of other effective therapies. In this review, we highlight cannabis use patterns in the US and discuss diagnosis and management of CHS and gaps in knowledge about this disorder.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T22:25:02Z","timestamp":1724279102000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Cannabis use patterns and association with hyperemesis: A comprehensive review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"William L.","family":"Hasler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omayma","family":"Alshaarawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8095-7456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thangam","family":"Venkatesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Key Substance Use and Mental Health Indicators in the United States: Results from the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. PEP22\u201007\u201001\u2010005, NSDUH Series H\u201057)","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2019.1569668"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14164"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"Health Canada. 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