{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T08:14:50Z","timestamp":1790151290926,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although different gastric shapes are encountered in gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES), it is not known whether gastric shape is related to gastric emptying (GE) or symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate different stomach shapes observed during GES and examine their associations with GE, body weight, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective review of GES studies performed at our institution. Patients with prior gastric surgery were excluded. A classification of gastric shapes included: crescentic, J\u2010shaped, reversed\u2010L, cylindrical, and bag\u2010like. Gastric shapes were correlated with GE, BMI, and GI symptoms using PAGI\u2010SYM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>397 GES studies were reviewed (317 females, age 40.0\u2009\u00b1\u200920.3\u2009years, BMI 27.8\u2009\u00b1\u200913.8\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). Gastric shapes were: 41.8% crescentic\/comma\u2010shaped, 34.0% J\u2010shaped, 19.9% reversed L\u2010shape, 2.8% cylindrical, and 1.5% bag\u2010like. BMI was highest in crescentic\/comma\u2010shaped stomachs (30.1\u2009\u00b1\u200912.4\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and lowest in bag\u2010like stomachs (25.2\u2009\u00b1\u20099.9\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022). Delayed GE was most pronounced in bag\u2010like stomachs (34.4\u2009\u00b1\u200933.1% retention at 4\u2009h) and lowest in reversed\u2010L shape (10.3\u2009\u00b1\u200915.6% retention at 4\u2009h; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008). Regurgitation severity was greatest in bag\u2010like stomachs (2.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.5) compared to milder symptoms in reversed\u2010L shape (1.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.029). Heartburn severity was increased in bag\u2010like stomachs (2.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6) while patients with cylindrical stomachs reported least heartburn severity (1.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.11).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A classification system based on five gastric shapes observed during GES showed that crescent\u2010shaped stomach was the most common shape and correlated with higher BMIs. Delayed GE was most pronounced in bag\u2010like stomachs and lowest in reversed\u2010L stomachs. Regurgitation and heartburn severity were greatest in bag\u2010like stomachs with milder symptoms in reversed\u2010L stomachs. Thus, gastric shape during GES is associated with gastric emptying, BMI, and symptom severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T07:09:57Z","timestamp":1732604997000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Variation of Stomach Shapes in Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy: Correlation With Gastric Emptying Results, Body Weight, and Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Susie O.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remy","family":"Arwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelby","family":"McNeilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Kunkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Dadparvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan H.","family":"Maurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4904-4891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry P.","family":"Parkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-316405"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-011-0893-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","article-title":"A Study of Variations of the Stomach in Adults and Growth of the Fetal Stomach","volume":"14","author":"Karnul A. 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