{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T11:43:46Z","timestamp":1788176626872,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastro\u2010intestinal disorder characterized by discomfort with constipation and\/or diarrhea with unclear pathophysiology. We aimed to determine the activities of colorectal eosinophils, neutrophils and epithelial cells by biomarkers in feces reflecting these activities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fecal samples were collected from 185 patients with IBS before and after 8\u2009weeks of placebo or mesalazine treatment and from 40 healthy subjects. Calprotectin, eosinophil derived neurotoxin (EDN), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL) (pab\/765) or dimer, human phospholipase BII\u2010precursor (HPLBII\u2010P) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured by ELISA. Symptom scores were evaluated by diaries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>HPLBII\u2010P, HNL (pab\/765) and EDN, proteins secreted by intestinal epithelial cells, were elevated in IBS patients as compared to healthy subjects (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001\u2013<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008). In contrast, the neutrophil proteins calprotectin, MPO and HNL dimer were unaltered. The eosinophilic protein ECP was lower in IBS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). HNL (pab\/765) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01) and EDN (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004) increased in IBS patients after mesalazine treatment. Colo\u2010rectal mucosa showed strong staining of HPLBII\u2010P and western blotting of fecal extracts showed the presence of mainly monomeric, epithelial\u2010associated HNL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The absence of signs of involvement of neutrophils and eosinophils in IBS suggests that activity of local epithelial cells rather than inflammation may be a major determinant of the disease. The measurements of EDN, HNL (pab\/765), and HPLBII\u2010P may serve as potential fecal biomarkers in the study and monitoring of IBS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T10:37:38Z","timestamp":1734431858000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Elevated Fecal Biomarkers of Colo\u2010Rectal Epithelial Cell Activity in Irritable Bowel Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5863-790X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"Venge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University and Diagnostics Development  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Diagnostics Development  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria Castro","family":"Tejera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christer","family":"Petersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University and Diagnostics Development  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengyuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University and Diagnostics Development  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University and Diagnostics Development  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Simr\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Center for Functional GI and Motility Disorders University of North Carolina\u2010Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"\u00d6hman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2117-9874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans","family":"T\u00f6rnblom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"00223","article-title":"Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: History, Pathophysiology, Clinical Features and Rome IV","volume":"0016","author":"Drossman D. 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