{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T18:42:41Z","timestamp":1780080161327,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015539","name":"Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRCPXI000218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRCPXI000218"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015539","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fluid thickeners used in the management of oropharyngeal dysphagia exhibit non\u2010Newtonian shear\u2010thinning rheology, impacting their viscosity during deglutition. This study investigated how the rheological properties of thickened fluids affect pharyngeal swallowing parameters in patients with oropharyngeal motor disorders diagnosed by pharyngeal high\u2010resolution manometry impedance (P\u2010HRM\u2010I).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010two patients (18\u201389\u2009years) referred for P\u2010HRM\u2010I were diagnostically assessed with a 10\u2009mL thin bolus. In 57 of the patients, 10\u2009mL swallows of two moderately thick formulations\u2014xanthan gum (XG) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose gum (CMC)\u2014were also tested. The XG and CMC fluids had equivalent empirical thickness but different viscosity at pharyngeal phase shear rates: XG 87\u2009mPa.s (83\u201391) versus CMC mean 157\u2009mPa.s (148\u2013164) at 300\u2009s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. Standard metrics of pharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) function were derived from P\u2010HRM\u2010I recordings and analyzed to characterize patients into one of four disorder subtypes: (i) No Disorder, (ii) UES Disorder, (iii) Pharyngeal Disorder, and (iv) Combination UES\/Pharyngeal Disorder. Impedance recordings also assessed pharyngeal bolus transit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with a Combination UES\/Pharyngeal Disorder were most likely to have abnormal bolus transit (82%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Increasing bolus viscosity significantly influenced UES residual pressure, UES opening area, and post\u2010swallow residue. Patients with UES Disorder exhibited pronounced increases in UES residual pressure with CMC compared to XG. Pharyngeal contractility was unaffected by viscosity changes. Post\u2010swallow residue increased with CMC, particularly in patients with a Combination Disorder. Case\u2010by\u2010case analysis revealed individual variability in response to the different viscosities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rheological properties of thickened fluids significantly affect swallowing function, with these effects dependent upon the disorder subtype.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.15003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T12:05:50Z","timestamp":1737461150000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of Thickened Fluids on Swallowing Function in Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: Impact of Shear Rheology and Disorder Subtype"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5108-7378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Omari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre  Bedford Park South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trisco Foods  Carole Park Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Schar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre  Bedford Park South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre  Bedford Park South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre  Bedford Park South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Besanko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre  Bedford Park South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. 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