{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T11:45:28Z","timestamp":1788954328565,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK113943"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK113943"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK125809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK125809"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a huge gap in our understanding of the human ENS and translating data from mice to humans that is important when developing targeted therapeutics. The ENS or \u201chuman little brain in the gut\u201d is easily accessible for study in GI surgical or biopsy samples. This mini review is focused on the use of human gut specimens in translating laboratory data on ENS and enteric neuropathies in neurogastroenterology and motility from mice to humans. Availability of viable human gut samples, in combination with technological advances in innovative recording techniques and new in\u00a0vitro models provide powerful ways to study neural activity and secretomotor function or monitor motility in health and disease with exquisite sophistication and precision. Electrophysiological recordings, optical recordings with voltage\u2010sensitive dyes, or Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> imaging (in adult or fetal gut) is used to study neural activity in human ENS in health and disease. \u2018First in man patch clamp recordings\u2019 is possible in isolated networks of human myenteric ganglia, opening the door for patch\u2010seq. The human ENS at single cell resolution (snRNA\u2010seq) revealed cell\u2010diversity, similarities and differences between human and mouse in\u00a0vitro. Visceral afferent recordings are used for mechanosensation and pain signaling in humans. Stem cell therapies may hold future promise for patients with enteric neuropathies. A greater focus on the human ENS and enteric neuropathies (i.e. IBS, FD, postoperative ileus, CIPO, chronic constipation, Hirschsprung Disease, infection, gastroparesis, Parkinson's disease, IBD, visceral pain) is one important step for consideration in developing potential therapeutics before proceeding to more expensive and complex clinical trials in patients to treat GI Disorders and Diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.15022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:33:49Z","timestamp":1745886829000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Use of Human In\u00a0Vitro Gut Specimens for Translational Neurogastroenterology and Motility in the 21st Century"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Dmitrii","family":"Pavlov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Wexner Medical Center The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fievos L.","family":"Christofi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Wexner Medical Center The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_20_2_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"A Brief History of Animal Modeling","volume":"110","author":"Ericsson A. 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