{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:04:52Z","timestamp":1791644692948,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741564800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010721","name":"Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010721","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100024662","name":"Salix Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100024662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We hypothesized that disorders of gut\u2010brain interaction (DGBI) increased during the pandemic due to the enteropathic nature of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, together with the potential for COVID\u201019 pandemic\u2010related stress to negatively impact the gut\u2010brain axis. To test our hypothesis, we conducted a series of pre\u2010specified cross\u2010sectional surveys initiated at the beginning of the pandemic to trend the prevalence of Rome IV DGBI over time among a nationally representative sample of more than 160,000 people in the US.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From May 2020 to May 2022, we performed a series of cross\u2010sectional online surveys among a representative sample of adults \u2265\u200918\u2009years old in the US. We administered Rome IV gastroduodenal and bowel DGBI questionnaires (e.g., chronic idiopathic constipation [CIC], functional bloating, functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome [IBS]) along with sociodemographic and comorbidity questions. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for time and potential confounders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 160,154 people completed the surveys. During the COVID\u201019 pandemic, the prevalence of IBS (6.1% [May 2020] to 11.0% [May 2022]; +0.188%\/month; adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and CIC (6.0% [May 2020] to 6.4% [May 2022]; +0.056%\/month; adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) increased over time. Among those with IBS, the largest prevalence increase was seen in mixed IBS (+0.085%\/month), followed by IBS with constipation (+0.041%\/month) and IBS with diarrhea (+0.037%\/month). No changes in prevalence were seen for the other examined gastroduodenal and bowel DGBI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the COVID\u201019 pandemic, we observed significant increases over time in the prevalence of IBS and CIC. Further research exploring pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying these findings and whether these trends persist beyond the pandemic is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.70020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:57:43Z","timestamp":1741741063000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Trends in Prevalence of Rome IV Disorders of Gut\u2010Brain Interaction During the COVID\u201019 Pandemic: Results From a Nationally Representative Sample of Over 160,000 People in the US"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0664-9479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher V.","family":"Almario","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cedars\u2010Sinai  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Cedars\u2010Sinai Center for Outcomes Research and Education (CS\u2010CORE)  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So Yung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Shared Resource Cedars\u2010Sinai Cancer  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William D.","family":"Chey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Michigan Medicine  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brennan M. R.","family":"Spiegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cedars\u2010Sinai  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Cedars\u2010Sinai Center for Outcomes Research and Education (CS\u2010CORE)  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.04.014"},{"issue":"582","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"Functional Digestive Disorders (FDD) in the Year 2000\u2014Economic Impact","volume":"164","author":"Fullerton S.","year":"1998","journal-title":"European Journal of Surgery. 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