{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T10:27:57Z","timestamp":1792578477379,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK115575"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK115575"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK109191"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK109191"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bowel diaries are used to characterize the severity of fecal incontinence (FI) but have not been adequately validated for this purpose. Our aims were to validate a new bowel diary and to compare the characteristics of FI as assessed with a bowel diary and a validated questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this four\u2010center prospective study, patients with a history of FI and asymptomatic controls completed a 28\u2010day bowel diary and validated questionnaires to evaluate bowel habits and FI, quality of life related to FI (FIQoL), and PROMIS scales for anxiety, depression, and self\u2010efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 59 participants with FI and 29 asymptomatic controls, the bowel diary was 97% sensitive and 93% specific for distinguishing between FI participants and controls. Over 28\u2009days, FI participants experienced an average [SD] of 31.1 [50.7] FI episodes, consisting of staining (12.6 [14.9]), some stool (12.5 [20.3]), or a full bowel movement (4.4 [8.5]). Correlations between the questionnaire and diary were statistically significant for frequency (Spearman <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.5, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), amount (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.4, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and awareness of FI (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.3, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04). In 71% of participants, there was agreement between the consistency of FI as reported in the questionnaire and the diary. More severe FI was associated with poorer FIQoL (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). Anxiety, depression, and self\u2010efficacy scores did not significantly affect the agreement between the frequency of FI reported in the diary and questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This bowel diary effectively discriminates between healthy participants and those with FI. There is significant, albeit modest, agreement between the characteristics of FI recorded with a diary and a questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.70080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T03:19:57Z","timestamp":1750130397000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Development and Validation of a Bowel Diary for Fecal Incontinence: Comparison With a Questionnaire"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0859-6470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsin F.","family":"Butt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4446-8452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satish S. C.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical College of Georgia  Augusta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6587-7602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William E.","family":"Whitehead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Twist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann C.","family":"Lowry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kent R.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7644-0390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adil E.","family":"Bharucha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00381-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02258218"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-13-87"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13241"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e31823dfd6d"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","article-title":"Cluster Analysis of Fecal Incontinence Symptoms: Associations With Anorectal Physiology and Quality of Life","volume":"6","author":"Butt M. 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