{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T15:17:14Z","timestamp":1788967034327,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004257","name":"Helse Vest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004257","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We previously found that the fecal levels of short\u2010chain fatty acids (SCFAs) changed in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients at 1\u2009month and 1\u2009year after fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). This study analyzed SCFAs at 2 and 3\u2009years after FMT in the same IBS patients included in those previous studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study randomized 113 IBS patients into placebo, 30\u2010g, and 60\u2010g groups, who received FMT with 30\u2009g of their own feces and with 30\u2009g and 60\u2009g of the donor's feces, respectively. The patients completed four questionnaires to assess IBS symptoms, fatigue, and quality of life, and supplied fecal samples at the baseline and at 2 and 3\u2009years after FMT. The fecal SCFA levels were measured using gas chromatography.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The butyric acid level was significantly increased at 2 and 3\u2009years after FMT in the 30\u2010g and 60\u2010g groups, and was significantly higher than that in the placebo group. The total SCFA and acetic acid levels decreased significantly in the 30\u2010g and 60\u2010g groups at 2 and 3\u2009years after FMT, while the propionic acid level decreased in the 60\u2010g group at both time points. The butyric acid level was inversely correlated with IBS symptoms and fatigue.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion and Inferences<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The increased butyric acid levels in IBS patients at 2 and 3\u2009years after FMT and their inverse correlation with both IBS symptoms and fatigue suggest that butyric acid contributes to the long\u2010term improvement seen after FMT (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\">www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      : NCT03822299).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.70115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T06:58:56Z","timestamp":1754117936000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Possible Role of Butyric Acid in Long\u2010Term Symptom Relief in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients Following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Magdy","family":"El\u2010Salhy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, National Centre for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7193-7069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f8rgen","family":"Valeur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unger\u2010Vetlesen Institute Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingeborg","family":"Br\u00f8nstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, National Centre for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Odd Helge","family":"Gilja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Gunnar","family":"Hatlebakk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen  Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, National Centre for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13914"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2021.103293"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-259598"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00442.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000541"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00376.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14854"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16111727"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319630"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13983"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-313017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000496"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1997.142318000.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-8-30"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.01941.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(77)90312-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.1984.12005738"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2017.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804812105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2009.01514.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-52-6-2141"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.003028"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"The Effectiveness of Microencapsulated Sodium Butyrate at Reducing Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Lewandowski K.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Przeglad Gastroenterologiczny"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i2.384"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20020433"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2018.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00034.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.11.014"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.70115","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T12:47:52Z","timestamp":1764506872000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.70115"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.70115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.70115","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70115"}}