{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T03:51:31Z","timestamp":1784346691154,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic gastroduodenal symptoms arise from heterogeneous gastric motor dysfunctions. This study applied multimodal physiological testing using gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) with intragastric meal distribution (IMD) and Gastric Alimetry body surface gastric mapping (BSGM) to define motility and symptom associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with chronic gastroduodenal symptoms underwent simultaneous supine GES and BSGM with a 30\u2009m baseline, 99mTC\u2010labeled egg meal, and 4\u2009h postprandial recording. IMD (ratio of counts in the proximal half of the stomach to the total gastric counts) was calculated immediately after the meal (IMD0), with &lt;\u20090.568 defining abnormal IMD. BSGM phenotyping followed a consensus approach, based on normative spectral reference intervals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 67 patients (84% female, median age 40\u2009years, median BMI 24\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), median IMD0 was 0.76 (IQR: 0.69\u20130.86) with 5 (7.5%) meeting abnormal IMD criteria. Delayed gastric emptying (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200918) was associated with higher IMD0 (median 0.9 vs. 0.7,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004). On BSGM, 15 patients had abnormal spectrograms (5 [7.5%] high frequency and 10 [14.9%] low rhythm stability and\/or amplitude); and in these patients, higher IMD0 (proximal retention) strongly correlated to delayed BSGM meal responses (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.71,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). Lower IMD, indicating antral distribution, correlated with higher gastric frequencies (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.27,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). BSGM abnormalities paired with abnormal IMD were associated with worse dyspeptic symptoms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Proximal retention of food as assessed by IMD correlated with delayed emptying, and in the presence of neuromuscular spectral abnormalities (abnormal frequencies or rhythms), delayed motility responses on BSGM. Patients with multiple motor abnormalities experience worse dyspeptic symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.70170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T11:42:51Z","timestamp":1758541371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Relationship Between Intragastric Meal Distribution, Gastric Emptying, and Gastric Neuromuscular Dysfunction in Chronic Gastroduodenal Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7369-8639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Varghese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9139-4740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armen A.","family":"Gharibans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daphne","family":"Foong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Western Sydney University  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4188-9614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Schamberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Alimetry Ltd  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Calder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Alimetry Ltd  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Sydney University  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reena","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Temple University Hospital  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher N.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alimetry Ltd  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan H.","family":"Maurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Temple University Hospital  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3175-5161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Abell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Louisville  Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4904-4891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry P.","family":"Parkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Temple University Hospital  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5998-1080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Greg","family":"O'Grady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Alimetry Ltd  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00065.2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2007.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.117.197053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14213"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.3.327"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14418"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14556"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.Varghese I. H.Huang G.Schamberg et\u00a0al. \u201cDistinct Subgroups in Gastroparesis Defined by Simultaneous Body Surface Gastric Mapping and Gastric Emptying Breath Testing\u201d(2024) Medrxiv https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2024.11.21.24317043.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.11.21.24317043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14331"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040297"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnmt.107.048116"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002528"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14823"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00065.2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.2003.00431.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. A.Gharibans S.Calder C.Varghese et\u00a0al. \u201cGastric Dysfunction in Patients With Chronic Nausea and Vomiting Syndromes Defined by a Novel Non\u2010Invasive Gastric Mapping Device\u201d(2022) Medrxiv https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2022.02.07.22270514.","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.02.07.22270514"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14421"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002077"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abq3544"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastha.2024.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.05.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","unstructured":"\u201cAssessment of Regression Models Performance [R Package Performance Version 0.13.0] \u201d(2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(80)90589-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296514"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(85)80083-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13581"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14491"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0503628102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00219.2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003646"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00561-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.12.015"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.70170","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/nmo.70170","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.70170","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T04:16:10Z","timestamp":1769660170000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.70170"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.70170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.70170","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70170"}}