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Socio\u2010economic status (SES) may contribute but remains underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were obtained from the Dutch cohort of the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study, including the Rome IV Adult Diagnostic Questionnaire, sociodemographic items, and SES indicators. The Netherlands was divided into three regions (Region 1: South; Region 2: West; Region 3: North\u2010East). Regional prevalence was calculated for any DGBI, groups, and subtypes. Associations with SES were examined using logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      2008 participants (50% female; age: 48\u2009years [IQR: 31]; BMI: 25.25 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      [IQR: 5.98]) were included. Overall DGBI prevalence was 30.63% (95% CI: 28.65\u201332.68), with no significant regional differences (Region 1: 30.40%, 95% CI [26.61\u201334.47]; Region 2: 30.19%, 95% CI [27.19\u201333.36]; Region 3: 31.45%, 95% CI [27.96\u201335.16];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.000). No regional variation was found across DGBI groups or subtypes (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Younger age (OR\u2009=\u20090.98, 95% CI [0.98\u20130.99]), female sex (OR\u2009=\u20092.10, 95% CI [1.70\u20132.59]), underweight (OR\u2009=\u20092.53, 95% CI [1.36\u20134.73]), and obesity (OR\u2009=\u20091.59, 95% CI [1.19\u20132.13]) were associated with higher odds of DGBI. In models adjusted for age, sex, and BMI, limited\/no healthcare access (OR\u2009=\u20092.47, 95% CI [1.62\u20133.77],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) was associated with higher DGBI odds, whereas employment showed lower odds (OR\u2009=\u20090.65, 95% CI [0.52\u20130.81],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Other SES indicators were not associated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion and Inferences<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DGBI affect nearly one\u2010third of adults in the Netherlands, with no regional variation in prevalence. Putative risk factors include limited\/no healthcare access and unemployment, supporting consideration of socioeconomic determinants in DGBI care, although further research is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.70181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T04:14:57Z","timestamp":1760674497000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Socio\u2010Economic Determinants and Regional Prevalence of Disorders of Gut\u2010Brain Interaction in the Netherlands: Results From the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3925-3523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Veldman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology\u2010Hepatology, NUTRIM Research Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Center  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6113-8992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Innocenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Methodology and Statistics, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI) Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9406-9188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. A.","family":"Benninga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7634-3689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. D.","family":"Sperber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev  Be'er Sheva Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5295-2183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O. S.","family":"Palsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Functional GI &amp; Motility Disorders University of North Carolina\u2010Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3111-0689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. I.","family":"Bangdiwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Population Health Research Institute McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9856-9980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Keszthelyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology\u2010Hepatology, NUTRIM Research Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Center  Maastricht the 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