{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T23:19:58Z","timestamp":1783725598563,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1OT2OD024899\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1OT2OD024899\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Colon displays structural and functional diversity. However, the region\u2010specific motility effects of spinal nerves on the colon are unclear. We mapped the regional colonic motor response to thoracolumbar (T12\u2010L1) (TLNS) and sacral (S1\u2013S4) (SNS) roots nerve electrical stimulation (ES) in an anesthetized porcine model, with or without concomitant afferent (AB) or efferent (EB) transmission block.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Adult male Yucatan pigs (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200916) underwent a laminectomy followed by unilateral (left root) SNS (S1\u2013S4, 30 Hz, 0.3\u2009ms, 0.5\u2009mA, PT, 30\u2009s ON\/90\u2009s OFF) or with concomitant AB or EB (40\u2009kHz, 0.1\u2009ms, 2\u2009mA). In a separate group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097), TLNS (T12\u2010L1, 10\u2009Hz, 0.3\u2009ms, 0.5\u2009mA, continuous or 30\u2009Hz, 0.3\u2009ms, 0.5\u2009mA, PT, 30\u2009s ON\/90\u2009s OFF) of the left root concomitant with or without EB was applied. Proximal (pC), transverse (tC), distal (dC) colon and anal canal (AC) luminal manometry were monitored before, during and after stimulation. Area under the curve of contraction (AUC), luminal pressure heat maps, and contraction spectral analysis were analyzed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>S2 ES increased the power of the contraction frequency spectrum in both dC and AC during stimulation and increased the AUC of contraction in dC and AC during and post\u2010stimulation. AB and EB partially reduced dC, while EB abolished the increase in AC. In contrast, S1, S3, or S4 ES as well as TLNS had little effect on motility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In anesthetized male pigs, S2 ES induces a robust motility response in the distal colon via the central network while in the anal canal via efferent pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.70213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T04:14:47Z","timestamp":1764735287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Influence of Sacral and Thoracolumbar Spinal Nerve Electrical Stimulation on Colonic Motility in Anesthetized Yucatan Male Pigs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3320-3675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muriel","family":"Larauche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yushan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan\u2010Peng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Atmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James C. Y.","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Bioengineering Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wentai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mulugeta","family":"Million","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00381-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.01.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12259"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI143771"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zrab049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2017.1298441"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00030.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1403.2007.00097.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1987.67.3.902"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","volume-title":"Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice","author":"Standring S.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1973.tb05500.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Extrinsic Nervous Control of Colonic Motility and Blood Flow. An Experimental Study in the Cat","volume":"335","author":"Hult\u00e9n L.","year":"1969","journal-title":"Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1976.sp011523"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00582627"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Mechanism of Rectal Contraction Mediated by Sympathetic Efferents From Rectoanal Pelvic Afferents in Guinea Pigs","volume":"38","author":"Neya T.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Acta Medica Okayama"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1979.sp012746"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1984.tb07462.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1985.tb07630.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00467"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-809954-4.00017-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2011.00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.121841"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"2010","volume-title":"Translational Pain Research: From Mouse to Man","author":"Christianson J. A.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13925"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23325"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181a872fb"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010747"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01461.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6661-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00269.2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00150.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2008.01165.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1998.549bk.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.0539m.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.1998.00129.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13951.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.09.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.15567"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528909093041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01645312"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-009-0999-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81822-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2015.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350614530190"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36740\/WLek202011106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2018.2871763"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39810"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.14479"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.90436.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)03095-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/bem-2017-0004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26602-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79493-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(97)00117-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-06011-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.816106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1895.sp000558"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-017-0669-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2020.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.07936.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-3150.2004.00475.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/rvsc.2001.0486"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.70213","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/nmo.70213","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.70213","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T04:15:50Z","timestamp":1769660150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.70213"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.70213"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.70213","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70213"}}