{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T02:38:33Z","timestamp":1790995113889,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The COVID\u201019 pandemic has unveiled a hidden epidemic of disorders of gut\u2013brain interaction (DGBIs), notably post\u2010infection irritable bowel syndrome (PI\u2010IBS), driven by SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 GI tropism and pandemic stressors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review synthesizes and critically appraises current evidence on the prevalence, clinical spectrum, and predictors of post\u2010COVID\u201019 IBS, integrating mechanistic insights. Topics discussed in this review will advance understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms, identify therapeutic targets, inform phenotype\u2010tailored management and clinical care, and outline research priorities for post\u2010COVID\u201019 IBS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A narrative review was performed by the authors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent evidence indicates that approximately 7.2% of individuals develop IBS after SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection, with 2.6\u2010fold higher odds vs. non\u2010infected controls. At the population level, a nationally representative U.S. survey (&gt;\u2009160,000 adults) showed a pandemic\u2010era surge in IBS prevalence (predominantly IBS\u2010M) and a modest increase in chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), while other Rome IV DGBIs remained stable. Mechanisms are multifactorial, involving ACE2\u2010linked epithelial\/neuromuscular effects, persistent low\u2010grade inflammation, microbiota dysbiosis with reduced short\u2010chain fatty acids, altered serotonin signaling, barrier dysfunction, and psychosocial stress acting along the gut\u2010brain axis. Emerging data indicate dyspnea and depression further mediate the COVID\u201019\u2010to\u2010IBS pathway, underscoring biopsychosocial endotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review indicates that following infection with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, DGBI, particularly IBS, occurs in 7.2% patients on follow\u2010up. Clinically, a positive diagnosis framework and phenotype\u2010tailored, multidisciplinary care are recommended. Future studies on post\u2010infection IBS including post\u2010COVID\u201019 IBS should be undertaken using upcoming Rome V criteria, controlling for confounding factors, and defining mechanistic endotypes to unlock precision therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.70250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T05:50:32Z","timestamp":1769233832000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Post\u2010Coronavirus Disease (\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    )\u201019 Irritable Bowel Syndrome: What We've Learned So Far"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0221-8495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uday C.","family":"Ghoshal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gastrosciences &amp; Liver Transplantation, Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals  Kolkata West Bengal India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5500-1949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajan","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Nevada  Reno Nevada USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1700-7543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahesh K.","family":"Goenka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gastrosciences &amp; Liver Transplantation, Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals  Kolkata West Bengal India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2020.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001062"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15717"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14187"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14251"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14368"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2022.21651"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","article-title":"Post COVID\u201019 Irritable Bowel Syndrome","author":"Marasco G.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002475"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268822001200"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","article-title":"Irritable Bowel Syndrome Following COVID\u201019: An Underestimated Consequence of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Infection","volume":"132","author":"Nazarewska A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewn\u0119trznej"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-023-02746-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.10.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-023-01486-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl210208"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17513"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000259"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-321388"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000959"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-022-01265-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1470320309347788"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11228"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.8707"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/pg.2022.114685"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2020-206995"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-025-01778-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.05.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-328319"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16647"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I. 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