{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:07:13Z","timestamp":1780063633197,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VS06824N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VS06824N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1SF4722N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1SF4722N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023\u2010NR121106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\u2010NR121106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024\u201000356146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024\u201000356146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004040","name":"KU Leuven","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C3\/22\/016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C3\/22\/016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001782","name":"University of Melbourne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001782","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gastrointestinal (GI) motility is controlled by the coordinated activity of enteric neurons, glial cells, and resident muscularis macrophages (mM\u03c6s). Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is highly expressed in mM\u03c6s, but its functional role in the gut remains unclear. We hypothesized that mM\u03c6\u2010derived ApoE regulates intestinal motility under physiological and stress conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Global ApoE knockout mice, bone marrow chimeras, and macrophage\u2010specific ApoE\u2010deficient mice were used to assess the impact of ApoE loss on gut transit, immune response, and neuromuscular integrity in both homeostatic and postoperative ileus (POI) settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>(1) Single\u2010cell RNA sequencing revealed that muscularis macrophages highly express ApoE, with further upregulation after intestinal manipulation. (2) Bone marrow chimera experiments showed that hematopoietic\u2010derived ApoE only partially contribute to the maintenance of gut motility. (3) Global ApoE deficiency led to mild impairment of intestinal transit and increased glial activation, accompanied by an expansion of the macrophage population and elevated gene expression of inflammatory cytokines. (4) Macrophage\u2010specific deletion of ApoE did not affect gastrointestinal transit or tissue morphology under normal conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although highly expressed and dynamically regulated in muscularis macrophages, ApoE is largely dispensable for intestinal neuromuscular function at baseline and during postoperative ileus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.70264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T10:01:43Z","timestamp":1771322503000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Muscularis Macrophage\u2010Derived\n                    <scp>ApoE<\/scp>\n                    is Dispensable for Maintaining Gut Motility in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8819-5735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anissa","family":"Zouzaf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA) KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeon Jong","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3297-7599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sneha","family":"Santhosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA) KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6708-5350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lies","family":"van Baarle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA) KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyewon","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Endemic Diseases Seoul National University Medical Research Center  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Stakenborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA) KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8936-7498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeed","family":"Abdurahiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA) KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7922-4776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yifan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA) KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4315-0688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Hyeok","family":"Seok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Endemic Diseases Seoul National University Medical Research Center  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2902-4976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Matteoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA) KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Institute for Single Cell Omics (LISCO) KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1619406114"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl\u20102016\u2010313144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.04.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109\u2010018\u20101632\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1995.1088"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024\u2010022\u201000574\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109\u2010004\u20100631\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433\u2010200006000\u201000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20160195COR"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620\u2010017\u20104820\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20211846"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010023\u201006200\u20107"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"219","article-title":"Novel Method for Studying Postoperative Ileus in Mice","volume":"4","author":"Bree S. H.","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385\u2010022\u201000563\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2011.0118"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010020\u201018873\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8866"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2967"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.10.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.11135"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.1999.0337"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.70264","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/nmo.70264","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.70264","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T13:23:53Z","timestamp":1780061033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.70264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.70264"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.70264","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70264"}}