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SCFAs exert their effects through free fatty acid receptors (FFAR), which are located on enteroendocrine cells and enteric nerves. The actions of SCFAs include the regulation of motility. How SCFAs affect enteric neuronal activity and the regulation of colonic motility remains to be fully elucidated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Intact preparations of the proximal colon from mice expressing a genetically encoded fluorescent Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      reporter specifically in intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs; Calb1\u2010GCaMP6 mice) or in all enteric neurons (Wnt1\u2010GCaMP6 mice) were used. Preparations were luminally perfused with SCFAs, with or without the FFAR2 antagonist, \u03b2\u2010hydroxybutyrate (BHB) or the FFAR3 antagonist, GLPG0976. SCFA\u2010induced Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      responses were visualized by confocal microscopy. Colonic transit was determined using a bead propulsion assay.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In Calb1\u2010GCaMP6 mice, propionate exhibited the highest and most sustained Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      fluorescence (\u2206F\/F\n                      <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                      288.2\u2009\u00b1\u200981.2) with the fastest time to peak (7.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6\u2009min) and longest decay time (10.1\u2009\u00b1\u20093.0\u2009min), followed by acetate, butyrate, and a mixture of the three SCFAs at physiological concentrations. Similar patterns were observed in Wnt\u20101\u2010GCaMP6 mice, where propionate induced the highest Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      fluorescence (\u2206F\/F\n                      <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                      240.5\u2009\u00b1\u200925.7) and the longest decay time (10.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9\u2009min). BHB and GLPG0976 significantly attenuated SCFA\u2010induced Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      fluorescence in both IPANs and myenteric neurons. SCFAs delay colonic bead propulsion, an effect abolished by both FFAR antagonists.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acutely, luminal administration of SCFAs activates myenteric neurons and slows colonic transit through FFAR2 and FFAR3 receptors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.70299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T08:50:36Z","timestamp":1775206236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Short\u2010Chain Fatty Acids Activate Myenteric Neurons and Delay Colonic Motility via Free Fatty Acid Receptors 2 and 3 in the Mouse"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9855-1454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preedajit","family":"Wongkrasant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Inflammation Research Network Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurie E.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7050-666X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wallace K.","family":"MacNaughton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Inflammation Research Network Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta 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