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Real\u2010time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (\n RT<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n Q<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) showed that\n \n Aa\n ORA<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n exhibited similar expression patterns to those of amorpha\u20104,11\u2010diene synthase gene (\n ADS<\/jats:italic>\n ), cytochrome P450\u2010dependent hydroxylase gene (\n CYP71AV1<\/jats:italic>\n ) and double bond reductase 2 gene (\n DBR2<\/jats:italic>\n ) in different tissues of\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\u00a0annua\n <\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n a\n ORA<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n is a trichome\u2010specific transcription factor, which is expressed in both glandular secretory trichomes (\n GST<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) and nonglandular\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010shaped trichomes (\n TST<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) of\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\u00a0annua\n <\/jats:italic>\n . The result of subcellular localization shows that\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n a\n ORA<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n is targeted to the nuclei and the cytoplasm.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Overexpression and\n RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n interference (\n RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n i) of\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n a\n ORA<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n in\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\u00a0annua\n <\/jats:italic>\n regulated, positively and significantly, the expression levels of\n \n ADS<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n ,\n \n CYP<\/jats:styled-content>\n 71\n AV<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1\n <\/jats:italic>\n ,\n \n DBR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2\n <\/jats:italic>\n and\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n a\n ERF<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1\n <\/jats:italic>\n . The up\u2010regulated or down\u2010regulated expression levels of these genes resulted in a significant increase or decrease in artemisinin and dihydroartemisinic acid. The results demonstrate that\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n a\n ORA<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n is a positive regulator in the biosynthesis of artemisinin.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Overexpression of\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n a\n ORA<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n in\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n rabidopsis thaliana\n <\/jats:italic>\n increased greatly the transcript levels of the defense marker genes\n \n PLANT DEFENSIN1.2<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n \n PDF1.2<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ),\n \n HEVEIN\u2010LIKE PROTEIN<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n \n HEL<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and\n \n BASIC CHITINASE<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n B\u2010CHI<\/jats:italic>\n ). After inoculation with\n \n B<\/jats:styled-content>\n otrytis cinerea\n <\/jats:italic>\n , the phenotypes of\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n a\n ORA<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n overexpression in\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\u00a0thaliana\n <\/jats:italic>\n and\n \n Aa\n ORA<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n i in\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\u00a0annua\n <\/jats:italic>\n demonstrate that\n \n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n a\n ORA<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n is a positive regulator of disease resistance to\n \n B<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\u00a0cinerea\n <\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.12207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]],"date-time":"2013-03-01T14:09:04Z","timestamp":1362146944000},"page":"1191-1202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":283,"title":["\n A<\/scp>\n a\n ORA<\/scp>\n <\/i>\n , a trichome\u2010specific\n AP<\/scp>\n 2\/\n ERF<\/scp>\n transcription factor of\n \n A<\/scp>\n rtemisia annua\n <\/i>\n , is a positive regulator in the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway and in disease resistance to\n \n B<\/scp>\n otrytis cinerea\n <\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Research Center Fudan\u2010SJTU\u2010Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 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