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However, whether <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> is transferable and its role in systemic defense responses remain unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We created the transgenic tomato <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> gene tagged with the green fluorescent protein (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFP<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>) using a shoot\u2010 or root\u2010specific promoter, and the constitutive <jats:italic>35S<\/jats:italic> promoter in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>. Subcellular localization of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SYS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFP<\/jats:styled-content> was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and gene transcripts were determined using quantitative real\u2010time <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> PS<\/jats:styled-content> protein can be processed and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SYS<\/jats:styled-content> is secreted. Shoot\u2010\/root\u2010specific expression of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFP<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>, and grafting experiments, revealed that the <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> moves in a bi\u2010directional manner. We also found that ectopic expression of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> improves <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic> resistance to the necrotrophic fungus <jats:italic>Botrytis cinerea<\/jats:italic>, consistent with substantial upregulation of the transcript levels of specific pathogen\u2010responsive genes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Our results provide novel insights into the multifaceted mechanism of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SYS<\/jats:styled-content> signaling transport and its potential application in genetic engineering for increasing pathogen resistance across diverse plant families.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.14858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]],"date-time":"2017-11-03T14:50:35Z","timestamp":1509720635000},"page":"799-812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Expression of tomato prosystemin gene in <i>Arabidopsis<\/i> reveals systemic translocation of its mRNA and confers necrotrophic fungal resistance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"217","author":[{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance College of Life Sciences Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 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