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Known as the pollination\u2010precision hypothesis, increased pollination efficiency is achieved by enhancing pollen deposition on precise areas of the pollinator. Most research to date addressing this hypothesis has examined plant species that are <jats:italic>a priori<\/jats:italic> predicted to place pollen precisely, but we still lack comparisons with species predicted to have low pollination efficiency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We studied 39 plant species with diverse floral morphologies and measured the precision of pollen placement on two pollinator groups: honey bees (genus <jats:italic>Apis<\/jats:italic>) and nectar bats (family Pteropodidae). Pollen was collected from four locations of each pollinator\u2019s body (bees: dorsal thorax, ventral thorax, dorsal abdomen, ventral abdomen; bats: crown, face, chest, wing) to calculate pollen placement precision using Pielou\u2019s evenness index. We also quantified variation in floral design by scoring floral symmetry, corolla fusion, floral orientation and stamen number.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We confirm the importance of four floral character states (bilateral symmetry, fused corollas, horizontal orientation and reduced stamen number) in promoting precise pollen placement on diverse pollinators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Our findings provide phylogenetically corrected, empirical support that the evolution of the four floral characters reflect selection for enhanced precision of pollen placed on pollinators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.18050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T09:58:48Z","timestamp":1645610328000},"page":"1629-1640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Pollination\u2010precision hypothesis: support from native honey bees and nectar bats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"235","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7266-1081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa B.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Science Faculty of Science Mahidol University  Bangkok 10400 Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7145-3299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Diller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection 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