{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T16:27:08Z","timestamp":1785774428431,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32071879"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32071879"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Phytologist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Plant disease occurs simultaneously with insect attack. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) modify plant biotic stress response. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and pathogens may modify plant volatile organic compound (VOC) production and insect behavior. Nevertheless, such effects are rarely studied, particularly for mesocosms where component organisms interact with each other.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Plant\u2010mediated effects of leaf pathogen (<jats:italic>Phoma medicaginis<\/jats:italic>) infection on aphid (<jats:italic>Acyrthosiphon pisum<\/jats:italic>) infestation, and role of AMF (<jats:italic>Rhizophagus intraradices<\/jats:italic>) in modifying these interactions were elucidated in a glasshouse experiment. We evaluated alfalfa disease occurrence, photosynthesis, phytohormones, trypsin inhibitor (TI) and total phenol response to pathogen and aphid attack, with or without AMF, and aphid behavior towards VOCs from AMF inoculated and non\u2010mycorrhizal alfalfa, with or without pathogen infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>AM fungus enhanced alfalfa resistance to pathogen and aphid infestation. Plant biomass, root\u2009:\u2009shoot ratio, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, salicylic acid, and TI were significantly increased in AM\u2010inoculated alfalfa. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and pathogen significantly changed alfalfa VOCs. Aphids preferred VOCs of AM\u2010inoculated and nonpathogen\u2010infected to nonmycorrhizal and pathogen\u2010infected alfalfa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We propose that AMF alter plant response to multiple biotic stresses in ways both beneficial and harmful to the plant host, providing a basis for strategies to manage pathogens and herbivore pests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.18924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T11:21:14Z","timestamp":1680520874000},"page":"286-300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus changes alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa<\/i>) metabolites in response to leaf spot (<i>Phoma medicaginis<\/i>) infection, with subsequent effects on pea aphid (<i>Acyrthosiphon pisum<\/i>) 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