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However, whether mycorrhizal plants facilitate the defence of nonmycorrhizal plants against soil\u2010borne pathogens, in return and via their symbiosis, remains unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We characterised growth and defence\u2010related compounds in <jats:italic>Banksia menziesii<\/jats:italic> (nonmycorrhizal) and <jats:italic>Eucalyptus todtiana<\/jats:italic> (ectomycorrhizal, ECM) seedlings grown either in monoculture or mixture in a multifactorial glasshouse experiment involving ECM fungi and native oomycete pathogens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Roots of <jats:italic>B. menziesii<\/jats:italic> had higher levels of phytohormones (salicylic and jasmonic acids, jasmonoyl\u2010isoleucine and 12\u2010oxo\u2010phytodienoic acid) than <jats:italic>E. todtiana<\/jats:italic> which further activated a salicylic acid\u2010mediated defence response in roots of <jats:italic>B. menziesii<\/jats:italic>, but only in the presence of ECM fungi. We also found that <jats:italic>B. menziesii<\/jats:italic> induced a shift in the defence strategy of <jats:italic>E. todtiana<\/jats:italic>, from defence\u2010related secondary metabolites (phenolic and flavonoid) towards induced phytohormone response pathways.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We conclude that ECM fungi play a vital role in the interactions between mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants in a severely P\u2010impoverished environment, by introducing a competitive component within the facilitation interaction between the two plant species with contrasting nutrient\u2010acquisition strategies. This study sheds light on the interplay between beneficial and detrimental soil microbes that shape plant\u2013plant interaction in severely nutrient\u2010impoverished ecosystems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.19489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T01:20:53Z","timestamp":1702862453000},"page":"1630-1644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Facilitative and competitive interactions between mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants in an extremely phosphorus\u2010impoverished environment: role of ectomycorrhizal fungi and native oomycete pathogens in shaping species coexistence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"242","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3890-0402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9ment E.","family":"Gille","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological 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