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This study evaluated the effects of chickpea domestication on phosphorus (P)\u2010use efficiency (PUE) under low\u2010P conditions, using a diverse <jats:italic>Cicer<\/jats:italic> collection, including wild species.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Two wild <jats:italic>Cicer<\/jats:italic> species \u2013 54 <jats:italic>C. reticulatum<\/jats:italic> accessions and 15 <jats:italic>C. echinospermum<\/jats:italic> accessions, and seven domesticated <jats:italic>C. arietinum<\/jats:italic> accessions were grown in low\u2010P soil.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>All three species exhibited significant variation in physiological PUE, leaf gas exchange characteristics, photosynthetic PUE (PPUE), and photosynthetic N\u2010use efficiency (PNUE), with greater variation in wild <jats:italic>Cicer<\/jats:italic> species than in domesticated <jats:italic>C. arietinum<\/jats:italic>. Domestication increased shoot growth and total leaf area but reduced root mass ratio. Compared with domesticated <jats:italic>C. arietinum<\/jats:italic>, wild <jats:italic>Cicer<\/jats:italic> species had lower stomatal conductance and higher leaf mass per area, associated with lower intercellular CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> concentrations and higher water\u2010use efficiency (WUE). Elevated leaf nitrogen concentrations in wild <jats:italic>Cicer<\/jats:italic> were likely associated with enhanced photosynthetic capacity, partially compensating for reduced stomatal conductance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Wild <jats:italic>Cicer<\/jats:italic> species demonstrated higher PPUE but lower PNUE than domesticated chickpea, with increased WUE exhibiting a trade\u2010off with PNUE. These findings highlight the potential of wild <jats:italic>Cicer<\/jats:italic> species as valuable genetic resources for enhancing PPUE in chickpea improvement programmes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.70185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T01:29:05Z","timestamp":1746494945000},"page":"144-159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Wild <i>Cicer<\/i> species exhibit superior leaf photosynthetic phosphorus\u2010 and water\u2010use efficiencies compared with cultivated chickpea under low\u2010phosphorus conditions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"247","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8127-645X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayin","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia  Perth WA 6001 Australia"},{"name":"The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia  Perth WA 6001 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia  Perth WA 6001 Australia"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro\u2010ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology Lanzhou University  Lanzhou 730000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3557-0105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrike","family":"Mathesius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology Australian National University  Canberra ACT 2601 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8978-5099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Food CSIRO  Floreat WA 6010 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weina","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering Huanghuai University  Zhumadian 463000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Komal D.","family":"Sawant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany Nowrosjee Wadia College  Pune Maharashtra 411001 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4562-9131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajeev K.","family":"Varshney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University  Murdoch WA 6150 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6097-4235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kadambot H. 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