{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:09:00Z","timestamp":1792426140973,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32470307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32470307"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Phytologist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          OsWOX11 is a key essential determinant of crown root development in rice. However, either overexpression or downregulation of\n                          <jats:italic>OsWOX11<\/jats:italic>\n                          results in pleiotropic developmental defects, including dwarfism and reduced yield. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure an optimal level of\n                          <jats:italic>OsWOX11<\/jats:italic>\n                          expression for balancing the subterranean root system and aerial organ development.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          OsHsfA1a activates\n                          <jats:italic>OsWOX11<\/jats:italic>\n                          expression by directly binding to heat stress element\u2010like elements within its promoter. Genetic evidence demonstrated that\n                          <jats:italic>OsHsfA1a<\/jats:italic>\n                          overexpressing or knockout transgenic plants phenocopied the crown root growth in\n                          <jats:italic>OsWOX11<\/jats:italic>\n                          transgenic plants. Additionally, increased expression of\n                          <jats:italic>OsWOX11<\/jats:italic>\n                          in\n                          <jats:italic>OsHsfA1a<\/jats:italic>\n                          RNAi background could partially complement the defective crown root phenotypes.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          A uORF (uORF\n                          <jats:sub>HsfA1a<\/jats:sub>\n                          ) was identified within the 5'\u2010untranslated region of\n                          <jats:italic>OsHsfA1a<\/jats:italic>\n                          . Transient expression assays coupled with ribosome profiling revealed that uORF\n                          <jats:sub>HsfA1a<\/jats:sub>\n                          attenuated the translation efficiency of\n                          <jats:italic>OsHsfA1a<\/jats:italic>\n                          mRNA. Furthermore,\n                          <jats:italic>HsfA1a<\/jats:italic>\n                          <jats:sub>\n                            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                          <\/jats:sub>\n                          <jats:italic>:uORF<\/jats:italic>\n                          <jats:sub>\n                            <jats:italic>HsfA1a<\/jats:italic>\n                          <\/jats:sub>\n                          <jats:italic>\u2010HsfA1a\u2010GFP<\/jats:italic>\n                          plants exhibited wild\u2010type crown root phenotypes, whereas\n                          <jats:italic>uORF<\/jats:italic>\n                          <jats:sub>\n                            <jats:italic>HsfA1a<\/jats:italic>\n                          <\/jats:sub>\n                          knockout transgenic plants displayed similar crown root phenotypes to\n                          <jats:italic>OsWOX11<\/jats:italic>\n                          overexpressing plants. These findings suggest that uORF\n                          <jats:sub>HsfA1a<\/jats:sub>\n                          fine\u2010tunes the crown root development by repressing\n                          <jats:italic>OsHsfA1a<\/jats:italic>\n                          translation, thereby indirectly modulating\n                          <jats:italic>OsWOX11<\/jats:italic>\n                          transcript levels.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          Our study demonstrated a novel uORF\n                          <jats:sub>HsfA1a<\/jats:sub>\n                          \u2010HsfA1a\u2010WOX11 regulatory module that coordinated transcriptional and translational control to maintain optimal\n                          <jats:italic>OsWOX11<\/jats:italic>\n                          expression. This mechanism ensures the trade\u2010off between root and shoot development. Importantly, targeting uORF\n                          <jats:sub>HsfA1a<\/jats:sub>\n                          regulatory elements provided a new strategy for engineering robust root system architecture without compromising agronomic traits, thereby addressing a critical challenge in cereal crop improvement.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.70214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T06:35:42Z","timestamp":1747809342000},"page":"760-773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The\n                    <scp>uORF<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>HsfA1a<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>WOX11<\/scp>\n                    module controls crown root development in rice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"247","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8587-6254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan 430070 China"},{"name":"College of Food and Biology Jingchu University of Technology  Jingmen Hubei 448000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3144-3173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yimeng","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan 430070 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