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In most angiosperms, plastids propagation exhibits a maternal inheritance pattern. Despite the identification of mechanisms and events related to embryo sac development, the potential role of plastids in controlling female gametophyte (FG) development remains elusive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>To characterize the function of a plastid specific cochaperonin (Cpn20) in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>, morphological and histological analyses were conducted, combining genetic and cytological analysis with cell\u2010specific fluorescent labeling detection; RNA sequencing and proteome quantitation were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We observed that a weak <jats:italic>Cpn20<\/jats:italic> allele (<jats:italic>cpn20\u2010a<\/jats:italic>) showed pleiotropic defects of chlorosis, dwarfism, and delayed flowering, while the knockout <jats:italic>cpn20\u2010b<\/jats:italic> allele was lethal with abortive ovules in siliques. The embryo sac with the Cpn20 defect was arrested at the single\u2010cell functional megaspore stage with no observation of plastids. Transcriptome and proteome profiling indicated that Cpn20 malfunction affects chloroplast\u2010involved functions during the vegetative stage, while disturbing proplastid biogenesis and cell division during the reproductive stage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We rationalized that Cpn20 deficiency leads to a failure of plastid integrity and biogenesis. Our results reveal that Cpn20 plays a key role in plant growth and FG development via its indispensable function for plastids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.70385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T08:40:42Z","timestamp":1752741642000},"page":"2746-2765","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Cpn20\u2010mediated plastid integrity is essential for growth and female gametophyte development in <i>Arabidopsis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"247","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8574-6538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teng\u2010yue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Education Ministry's Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences Northwest University  Xi'an 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