{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T01:10:26Z","timestamp":1788484226665,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Phytologist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          Hybrid zones provide excellent opportunities to study evolutionary processes linked to interspecific gene flow, including introgression, genetic erosion, polyploid establishment, and speciation. The genus\n                          <jats:italic>Cardamine<\/jats:italic>\n                          (Brassicaceae) serves as an excellent model for polyploid evolution, including one of the few well\u2010documented neo\u2010allopolyploid species that have evolved in the last 300\u2009yr.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          Using a combination of flow cytometric screening of nuclear DNA content, next\u2010generation restriction site\u2010associated DNA sequencing, and genomic\n                          <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                          hybridization, we uncovered an unprecedented case of extensive interspecific hybridization in\n                          <jats:italic>Cardamine<\/jats:italic>\n                          , involving four parental species and their predominantly triploid offspring.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          We demonstrate the recurrent and polytopic origins of both autotriploids and allotriploids, the latter integrating different parental genomes. Our findings highlight\n                          <jats:italic>Cardamine rivularis<\/jats:italic>\n                          as a central player in this system, likely producing unreduced female gametes at a high rate, which drives the formation of diverse triploids. However, this species may also face the risk of genetic swamping and ecological displacement. The substantial genetic variation of the hybrids, their high frequency, partial fertility, and efficient clonal spread suggest significant evolutionary potential.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>Overall, we propose that these hybrid zones provide a rare and valuable natural laboratory for studying the emergence of neo\u2010allopolyploids and the mechanisms shaping polyploid evolution.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.70575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T09:39:02Z","timestamp":1758361142000},"page":"2616-2635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multiple hybrid zones involving four\n                    <i>Cardamine<\/i>\n                    species and their triploid progeny: watching allopolyploid speciation in action?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"248","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8950-6643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judita","family":"Zozomov\u00e1\u2010Lihov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre Slovak Academy of Sciences  845 23 Bratislava Slovak Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5919-890X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"\u0160lenker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre Slovak Academy of Sciences  845 23 Bratislava Slovak Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6487-6373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbora","family":"\u0160ingliarov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre Slovak Academy of Sciences  845 23 Bratislava Slovak Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0469-1999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krist\u00edna","family":"Puli\u0161ov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre Slovak Academy of Sciences  845 23 Bratislava Slovak Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6485-0563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terezie","family":"Mand\u00e1kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University  625 00 Brno Czechia"},{"name":"Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science Masaryk University  625 00 Brno Czechia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7658-0844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karol","family":"Marhold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre Slovak Academy of Sciences  845 23 Bratislava Slovak Republic"},{"name":"Department of Botany, Faculty of Science Charles University  128 01 Prague Czechia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2012.02599.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tax.595005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jse.12267"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2013.0346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2004.00333.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hybrid speciation","volume":"2","author":"Abbott RJ","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLS"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"AdlerD KellyST ElliotT AdamsonJ.2022.vioplot: violin plot. 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