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However, whether other functional traits shift and whether trait\u2013trait associations on islands differ between species and community levels remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>We measured 13 carbon\u2010 and water\u2010related functional traits in 37 shared tree species across 35 eastern Chinese islands and 66 nearby mainland plots. We examined species\u2010level trait value shifts and associations under the island rule and compared trait associations between species and communities.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>Most size\u2010related, wood\u2010anatomical, and hydraulic traits shifted on islands, with large values decreasing and small values increasing; yet, their associations remained stable, aligning with the global trait spectrum and trait\u2013trait coevolution. This stability, despite trait value\u00a0shifts, suggests evolutionary integration of functional strategies. By contrast, island community\u2010scale trait associations diverged from shared species\u2010level patterns and sometimes reversed, such as positive relationships between wood density and resource\u2010acquisitive traits. Community\u2010level trait associations were stronger on islands, likely reflecting constrained environmental filtering and migration limitation.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>These contrasting patterns suggest that dominant species can restructure trait associations at the community level, with implications for ecosystem functioning and carbon storage, thereby advancing understanding of plant trait strategies in island systems.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.71040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T11:05:16Z","timestamp":1772967916000},"page":"2176-2189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Island influences on plant functional traits and trait\u2013trait associations across species\u2010 and community\u2010scales"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"250","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6495-7133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanjun","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Washington State University  Pullman WA 99164\u20104236 USA"},{"name":"Zhejiang Zhoushan Island Observation and Research Station, Tiantong National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, and Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco\u2010Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University  Shanghai 200241 China"},{"name":"UMR BIOGECO INRAE, Univ. 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