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Although stable transformation in maize is no longer a major obstacle, there remains a need for accessible and efficient methods for academic laboratories.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          Here, we present the GGB\u00a0system, a rapid and efficient approach optimized for immature embryo transformation in B104 and other maize lines. This system combines two distinct morphogenetic regulators, the wheat GRF4\u2010GIF1 chimera and the maize BABY BOOM (BBM) transcription factor (hence the name \u201cGGB\u201d) with a modified QuickCorn protocol, enabling regeneration of transformed maize plantlets in\n                          <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n                          . 2 months with an efficiency 7\u2010fold higher than when compared to either morphogenic factor used in isolation.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>Expression of both regulators did not significantly affect development, eliminating the need to excise them after regeneration. However, transmission of the transgenic GGB construct through pollen was significantly reduced, potentially aiding transgenic line containment. We show that the GGB system is adaptable for CRISPR\u2010Cas9 editing and reporter line generation. Furthermore, stable GGB transformants exhibited high leaf regeneration capacity via somatic embryogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>RNA\u2010seq time\u2010course profiling of GGB leaf cultures identified additional factors that could promote regeneration and led to the discovery of asparagine and trehalose as additional media components that significantly enhanced leaf regeneration.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.71508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:44:17Z","timestamp":1787013857000},"page":"260-275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The combination of morphogenic regulators\n                    <scp>BABY BOOM<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>GRF<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>GIF<\/scp>\n                    improves maize transformation efficiency and promotes leaf regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"252","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1469-3699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zongliang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Waksman Institute of Microbiology Rutgers University  Piscataway NJ 08854\u20108020 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5404-117X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory  Cold Spring Harbor NY 11724 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7413-9409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Waksman Institute of Microbiology Rutgers University  Piscataway NJ 08854\u20108020 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7831-8997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sessen Daniel","family":"Iohannes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory  Cold Spring Harbor NY 11724 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory  Cold Spring Harbor NY 11724 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4591-7061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan M.","family":"Debernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis  Davis CA 95616 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