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Their long\u2010term evolutionary interactions led to mutual adaptation, creating a complex ecological symbiosis. However, the deep\u2010time ecological associations of mimicry between insects and plants remain limited due to the scarcity of preserved fossils.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          Here, we report the fossil evidences of mimicry between praying mantis and spike mosses in 98\u2010Myr\u2010old Kachin amber. The new Cretaceous mantis,\n                          <jats:italic>Folimantis hyalinala<\/jats:italic>\n                          gen. et sp. nov., has a rare form of leaf mimicry via abdominal leaf\u2010shaped extensions that resemble contemporaneous vegetative leaves (trophophylls) of\n                          <jats:italic>Selaginella<\/jats:italic>\n                          in shape, size, and pattern of arrangement.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>The new findings provide the earliest direct evidence of the co\u2010associations between mantis and its mimetic plants during the Cretaceous and suggest that the stem\u2010group had already developed distinct structural features that mimic plant leaves during the early divergences of Mantodea.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          A diversification analysis of mimicry between fossil insects and plants from the Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic indicates that, before the rise of angiosperms in the Late Cretaceous, mimicry between insects and gymnosperms, ferns, lichens, and even\n                          <jats:italic>Selaginella<\/jats:italic>\n                          had existed for a long time and that changes in mimicry forms paralleled the evolutionary succession of plant lineages.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.71619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T03:46:55Z","timestamp":1791172015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mimicry of mantis and\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Selaginella<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    from Cretaceous provides new evidence for the deep\u2010time co\u2010evolution of insects and plants"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8412-8506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongru","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University  Beijing 100048 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2899-8997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University  Beijing 100048 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3067-077X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael S.","family":"Engel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural History  New York NY 10024 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