{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:29:36Z","timestamp":1791318576200,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,23]],"date-time":"2016-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Threats by fundamentalist leaders to use chemical weapons have resulted in renewed interest in cyanide toxicity. Relevant insights may be gained from studies on cyanide mass intoxication in populations relying on cyanogenic cassava as the main source of food. In these populations, sublethal concentrations (up to 80 \u03bcmol\/l) of cyanide in the blood are commonplace and lead to signs of acute toxicity. Long\u2010term toxicity signs include a distinct and irreversible spastic paralysis, known as konzo, and cognition deficits, mainly in sequential processing (visual\u2013spatial analysis) domains. Toxic culprits include cyanide (mitochondrial toxicant), thiocyanate (AMPA\u2010receptor chaotropic cyanide metabolite), cyanate (protein\u2010carbamoylating cyanide metabolite), and 2\u2010iminothiazolidine\u20104\u2010carboxylic acid (seizure inducer). Factors of susceptibility include younger age, female gender, protein\u2010deficient diet, and, possibly, the gut functional metagenome. The existence of uniquely exposed and neurologically affected populations offers invaluable research opportunities to develop a comprehensive understanding of cyanide toxicity and test or validate point\u2010of\u2010care diagnostic tools and treatment options to be included in preparedness kits in response to cyanide\u2010related threats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,23]],"date-time":"2016-07-23T20:06:41Z","timestamp":1469304401000},"page":"50-57","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Cyanide and the human brain: perspectives from a model of food (cassava) poisoning"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1378","author":[{"given":"Desire D.","family":"Tshala\u2010Katumbay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology School of Medicine, Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Kinshasa  Kinshasa Congo"},{"name":"National Nutrition Program Ministry of Health, and Kinshasa School of Public Health  Kinshasa Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadege N.","family":"Ngombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Kinshasa  Kinshasa Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Okitundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Kinshasa  Kinshasa Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Proteomic Share Resource Oregon Health &amp; 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