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For example, reduction of B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> deficiency among women of reproductive age could enhance the capacity of folic acid to prevent NTDs by optimizing the cellular uptake and utilization of natural folate cofactors. Vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> might also have an independent role in NTD prevention, such that adding it in fortification programs might be more effective than fortifying with folic acid alone. Globally, there is ample evidence of widespread vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> deficiency in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries, but there is also considerable divergence of vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> status across regions, likely due to genetic as well as nutritional factors. Here, I consider the evidence that low vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> status may be an independent factor associated with risk of NTDs, and whether a fortification strategy to improve B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> status would help reduce the prevalence of NTDs. I seek to identify knowledge gaps in this respect and specify research goals that would address these gaps.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T21:31:26Z","timestamp":1517261486000},"page":"109-125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Should vitamin B<sub>12<\/sub> status be considered in assessing risk of neural tube defects?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1414","author":[{"given":"Anne M.","family":"Molloy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"681","volume-title":"Chemistry and Biochemistry of B12","author":"Matthews R.G.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2014.998531"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2014.09.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-071714-034235"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)90650-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.51.12.944"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)92654-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19830026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90133-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265080292S114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26947A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)91381-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-2797(02)00267-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-6138(95)90029-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Maternal vitamin B12 and the risk of fetal neural tube defects in Egyptian patients","volume":"53","author":"Gaber K.R.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. 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