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Adiponectin, an adipocyte\u2010derived hormone, can affect bone metabolism by various pathways. To explore the role of adiponectin in short\u2010term CR on bone, we tested the effect of short\u2010term CR on limb bones (tibia and femur) and lumbar vertebral bodies of young C57BL\/6 wild\u2010type (WT) and adiponectin\u2010deficient (<jats:italic>Apn<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>) mice. Two dietary regimes, <jats:italic>ad libitum<\/jats:italic> (AL) and CR (70% of the AL diet), were used. Dietary restriction led to increased serum adiponectin in WT mice, while bone mineral density, bone microarchitecture, and biomechanical outcomes of limb bone and vertebrae were decreased. In contrast, bone length, microarchitecture, and biomechanical outcomes were not impaired after CR in <jats:italic>Apn<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> mice. Furthermore, CR increased adiponectin expression both in white adipose tissue and bone marrow adipose tissue in young WT mice. Histology analysis showed that expansion of bone marrow adipose tissue after CR in <jats:italic>Apn<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> mice was impaired compared with WT mice. These results suggest that increased adiponectin induced by short\u2010term CR may negatively influence bones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T14:10:29Z","timestamp":1590761429000},"page":"47-60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Short\u2010term caloric restriction induced bone loss in both axial and appendicular bones by increasing adiponectin"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1474","author":[{"given":"Junxiong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Peking University Third Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Can","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Peking University Third Hospital  Beijing 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