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Application of Res to bone marrow\u2013derived mesenchymal stem cells<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>promoted survival, inhibited apoptosis, and downregulated expression of reactive oxygen species expression. Moreover, Res application was associated with elevated microRNA\u2010146a (miR\u2010146a) expression, osteogenic differentiation, and suppressed osteoclastic differentiation, which were markedly reversed by miR\u2010146a inhibitor. Histopathological observations and micro\u2010computed tomography scanning results indicated that the Res\u2010treated group had lower incidence of osteonecrosis and better bone microstructure than the untreated group. Res inhibited osteoclastogenesis through altering the levels of sirtuin1 (Sirt1), nuclear transcription factor\u2010\u03baB (NF\u2010\u03baB), and receptor activator of NF\u2010\u03baB ligand (RANKL). Simultaneously, Res treatment improved bone formation and increased \u03b2\u2010catenin and runt\u2010related transcription factor 2 (Runt2) expression levels, while reducing forkhead box class O (FOXO) family protein levels. The results of our study suggest that Res prevents steroid\u2010induced osteonecrosis by upregulating miR\u2010146a, and thereby stabilizes osteogenesis\/osteoclastogenesis homeostasis via Wnt\/FOXO and Sirt1\/NF\u2010\u03baB pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,17]],"date-time":"2021-01-17T14:50:20Z","timestamp":1610895020000},"page":"23-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Resveratrol prevents steroid\u2010induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head via miR\u2010146a modulation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1503","author":[{"given":"Kai","family":"Nan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010peng","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command Wuhan People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8864-6732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li\u2010hong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan\u2010kai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010bin","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010qian","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kun\u2010zheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.071209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"2766","article-title":"Key pathway to prevent the collapse of femoral head in osteonecrosis","volume":"19","author":"Gou W.\u2010L.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. 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