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Using this platform, the current study examined the impact of diversifying a cereal\/pulse\u2013based SNP\u2010meal with guava on iron status and cognitive development among 24\u201348 months old children.\u00a0A three\u2010arm, nonblinded, cluster\u2010randomized controlled trial (CTRI\/2014\/09\/004983) included 399 beneficiaries from 28 preschools in 16 villages in Telangana state, India. The villages were randomly assigned to receive 25 g of guava (guava group (GG)), banana (banana group (BG)), or cucumber (cucumber group (CG)) along with a SNP meal for 140 days. Nutrient biomarkers (iron status, plasma vitamin C, vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>, and folate), cognitive development, anthropometric indicators (WAZ, HAZ, and WHZ), and morbidity were assessed at baseline and endline. A linear mixed model and a generalized estimating equation were applied to compare changes in outcomes across the groups. All outcome variables were comparable across groups at baseline. The iron to vitamin C molar ratio improved in the GG from 1:1.4 to 1:12 but remained unaltered in control groups. Higher hemoglobin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002), serum ferritin (SF; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), vitamin C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.047), and lower soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) causing decreased prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003) were observed in the GG compared with BG and CG. Prevalence of acute respiratory infection (ARI) was lower in the GG (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.035) versus controls. No impact was observed on cognitive development or growth. Thus, diversifying a cereal\/pulse\u2013based meal with guava increased meal vitamin C content, thereby reducing ID and ARI\u2010related morbidity. This approach represents a valid and scalable strategy to address ID among young children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T12:26:30Z","timestamp":1609503990000},"page":"82-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Guava with an institutional supplementary meal improves iron status of preschoolers: a cluster\u2010randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1492","author":[{"given":"Dripta","family":"Roy Choudhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Division National Institute of Nutrition  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhavan","family":"Nair Krishnapillai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Micronutrient Research Group National Institute of Nutrition  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balakrishna","family":"Nagalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Division National Institute of Nutrition  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radhakrishna","family":"Vijaya Kankipati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIN\u2010Tata Center National Institute of Nutrition  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudip","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Division National Institute of Nutrition  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jagdish","family":"Buwade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral Science Extension and Training Division National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR)  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6352-2557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvia","family":"Fernandez\u2010Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral Science Extension and Training Division National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR)  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Benoist B.D. 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