{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T02:20:30Z","timestamp":1785810030776,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]],"date-time":"2021-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>As far as we know, there have been no studies exploring the association between maternal sulfur dioxide (SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) exposure and the risk of hypospadias in offspring. We aimed to evaluate this association during the 3 months before conception and the first trimester. A population\u2010based case\u2013control study was conducted in male infants, consisting of 348 cases of hypospadias and 4023 controls. Maternal exposure to SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters \u226410 \u03bcm (PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>), and nitrogen dioxide (NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) was assessed by averaging the concentrations recorded at all stations in the mother's city of residence. Air pollutants were tested for multicollinearity using variance inflation factor analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by multivariable logistic regression models. SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure during the 3 months before conception was significantly associated with the risk of hypospadias (highest tertile: OR\u00a0=\u00a07.40, 95% CI:\u00a03.54\u201315.62). When focusing on shorter exposure windows, similar associations were observed for SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure in the first and second month before and the first month after conception. In conclusion, maternal exposure to SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> during the 3 months before and the first and second months after conception may increase the risk of hypospadias in offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]],"date-time":"2021-07-11T15:23:25Z","timestamp":1626017005000},"page":"99-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Maternal exposure to sulfur dioxide before and after conception and the risk of hypospadias in offspring"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1502","author":[{"given":"Shuang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong\u2010Mei","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia\u2010Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan\u2010Hong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Education Shenyang Maternity and Child Health Hospital  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring Liaoning Eco\u2010environmental Monitoring Center  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan\u2010Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaoning Women and Children's Health Hospital  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Children's Health Prevention Shenyang Maternity and Child Health Hospital  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng\u2010Zhi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Ligong University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zong\u2010Jiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring Liaoning Eco\u2010environmental Monitoring Center  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Hong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi\u2010Jun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16060930"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.5.831"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107297"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2015.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.22854"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01076950"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.109151"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110190"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.09.076"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-017-2864-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.08.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(13)70192-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"818","article-title":"Effects of air pollution on childrens' health and development: a review of the evidence","volume":"172","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2020.113453"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.05.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2018.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31803b900f"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.108795"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32901"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"[Hypospadia in females]","volume":"3","author":"Derevianko I.M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urologiia"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"1662","article-title":"Incidence of birth defects in Liaoning province, 2006\u20132015","volume":"034","author":"Chen Y.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.24239"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20753"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","unstructured":"China's Ambient Air Quality Standard GB3095\u20102012.2012. Accessed May 10 2015.http:\/\/www.cnemc.cn\/publish\/106\/news\/news_25941.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-017-0291-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/713696"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2007.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2008.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.04.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7646"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","first-page":"476","article-title":"Study of risk factors associated with hypospadias","volume":"25","author":"Luo Q.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin. J. Urol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2020.1731459"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","unstructured":"Yao C.2016.A Time Series Study on the Correlation between Air Pollution Exposure and Birth Defects in a City. [Chinese] [\u7855\u58eb]."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1306802"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23159"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.09.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2015.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2016.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm181"}],"container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nyas.14624","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/nyas.14624","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nyas.14624","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T05:38:02Z","timestamp":1693201082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nyas.14624"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nyas.14624"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nyas.14624","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0077-8923","1749-6632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0077-8923","type":"print"},{"value":"1749-6632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}