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Cortistatin (CST) is a neuropeptide that protects against inflammatory conditions. In this study, we found that expression of CST was diminished in patients with prosthetic joint loosening and in titanium (Ti) particle\u2013induced animal models. A Ti particle\u2013induced calvarial osteolysis model was established in wild\u2010type and CST gene knockout mice; CST deficiency enhanced, while exogenously added CST attenuated, the severity of Ti particle\u2013mediated osteolysis. CST protected against inflammation as well as apoptosis and maintained the osteogenic function of MC3T3\u2010E1 osteoblasts upon stimulation with Ti particles. Furthermore, CST antagonized reactive oxygen species production and suppressed caspase\u20103\u2013associated apoptosis mediated by Ti particles in osteoblasts. Additionally, CST protects against Ti particle\u2013induced osteolysis through tumor necrosis factor receptor 1. Taken together, CST might provide a therapeutic strategy for wear debris\u2013induced inflammatory osteolysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T04:36:18Z","timestamp":1649910978000},"page":"140-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cortistatin attenuates titanium particle\u2013induced osteolysis through regulation of TNFR1\u2013ROS\u2013caspase\u20103 signaling in osteoblasts"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1513","author":[{"given":"Jiankang","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pain, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University  Jinan P. R. 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