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While most evidence has been established on clinical assessment of peripheral hearing loss, understanding of how central hearing in real\u2010world conditions is associated with cognitive aging is limited. This study analyzed the data of 473 unrelated healthy adults aged 36\u2013100 years old from the Lifespan Human Connectome Project in Aging. Central hearing was evaluated using the Words\u2010in\u2010Noise decibel threshold. Cognitive functions were evaluated by the performance on cognitive tests, and cortical thickness was estimated from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Here, we show that a higher hearing threshold was associated with a lower performance on immediate and delayed episodic memory retrieval, switching aspect of executive function, working memory, reading decoding, and vocabulary comprehension. Cortical thickness in the left parahippocampal cortex (lPHC) was negatively associated with the hearing threshold and acted as a significant partial mediator in the association of central hearing with immediate recall, switching, reading decoding, and vocabulary comprehension. These findings suggest that cortical thickness in the lPHC, an early target of dementia, partially links central hearing and performance in multiple cognitive domains in aging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T05:58:37Z","timestamp":1676613517000},"page":"117-125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Cortical thickness of the left parahippocampal cortex links central hearing and cognitive performance in aging"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1522","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4101-5415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Special Education Research National Institute of Education Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buxin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2017.2513"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2331216519857267"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.395965"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.9.3.339"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.12.1.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014802"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.10.095"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2559-11.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-012-0332-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2012.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15506"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"155","volume-title":"The handbook of aging and cognition","author":"Schneider B. 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