{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:53:36Z","timestamp":1772160816000,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008627","name":"Global Affairs Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008627","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) remains a cornerstone of global child survival programs. As available funding declines, countries are seeking alternative delivery platforms. We examine a VAS\u2010deworming delivery event in 2019 in Kenya, called Malezi Bora (MB), that employed four delivery platforms: health clinics, Early Childhood Development centers, community distribution points, and home visits. VAS coverage data were collected via household surveys in four subcounties, three of which received financial and technical assistance, and one of which received technical assistance only. Data on costs were collected using structured and semi\u2010structured questionnaires. Only one subcounty achieved the targeted VAS coverage rate (80%) across most age subgroups; the subcounty not receiving financial assistance covered just 37% of children 6\u201359 months of age. Two other funded subcounties had higher coverage rates but failed to achieve 80% coverage for any age subgroup. Most children in the funded subcounties received VAS in their homes. Most children in the unfunded subcounty received VAS at a health facility. Being aware of MB was the most important factor associated with receiving VAS. Cost per child reached, including opportunity costs, varied across subcounties from $1.81 to $11.13 USD. Salaries were the main cost drivers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.15280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T09:03:56Z","timestamp":1738400636000},"page":"125-142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The cost\u2010efficiency of vitamin A supplementation services in Kenya: An assessment of a Malezi Bora event in Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1544","author":[{"given":"Caitlin","family":"Kieran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Landesa  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Doledec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Keller International  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Klemm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Keller International  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther Njeri","family":"Waithera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Keller International  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen A.","family":"Vosti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of California Davis  Davis California USA"},{"name":"Institute for Global Nutrition, Department of Nutrition University of California, Davis  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Vitamin A supplementation: A decade of progress","author":"UNICEF","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13132"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Guideline: Vitamin A supplementation in infants and children 6\u201359 months of age","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(15)00039-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9030190"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Integration of vitamin A supplementation with immunization: Policy and programme implications","author":"UNICEF","year":"1998"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"305","article-title":"Polio as a platform: Using national immunization days to deliver vitamin A supplementation","volume":"78","author":"Goodman T.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzy006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02454.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00367-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482651303400406"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-015-1706-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020354"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14275"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13515"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzab045_037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.05.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0379572115598445"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650702800307"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.116.242271"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","article-title":"Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age","volume":"3","author":"Imdad A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Online)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","volume-title":"Vitamin A supplementation for children 6\u201359 months: Trainer's guide for health care providers","author":"Ministry of Health, Republic of Kenya","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2013.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","unstructured":"Kamua S. &Kimani K.(2020).Final evaluation of Every Child Thrives (ECT) Project in Kenya: Siaya Kilifi & Kwale counties. 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