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This review examined the association between maternal body mass index (BMI) and post\u2010term birth at \u226542 and \u226541\u00a0weeks' gestation. Five databases, reference lists and citations were searched from May to November 2015. Observational studies published in English since 1990 were included. Linear and nonlinear dose\u2013response meta\u2010analyses were conducted by using random effects models. Sensitivity analyses assessed robustness of the results. Meta\u2010regression and sub\u2010group meta\u2010analyses explored heterogeneity. Obesity classes were defined as I (30.0\u201334.9\u00a0kg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>), II (35.0\u201339.9\u00a0kg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>) and III (\u226540\u00a0kg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>; IIIa 40.0\u201344.9\u00a0kg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>, IIIb\u00a0\u2265\u00a045.0\u00a0kg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>). Searches identified 16,375 results, and 39 studies met the inclusion criteria (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a04,143,700 births). A nonlinear association between maternal BMI and births \u226542\u00a0weeks was identified; odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for obesity classes I\u2013IIIb were 1.42 (1.27\u20131.58), 1.55 (1.37\u20131.75), 1.65 (1.44\u20131.87) and 1.75 (1.50\u20132.04) respectively. BMI was linearly associated with births \u226541\u00a0weeks: odds ratio is 1.13 (95% confidence interval 1.05\u20131.21) for each 5\u2010unit increase in BMI. The strength of the association between BMI and post\u2010term birth increases with increasing BMI. Odds are greatest for births \u226542\u00a0weeks among class III obesity. Targeted interventions to prevent the adverse outcomes associated with post\u2010term birth should consider the difference in risk between obesity classes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,14]],"date-time":"2017-01-14T00:46:20Z","timestamp":1484354780000},"page":"293-308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Maternal body mass index and post\u2010term birth: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Heslehurst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Society Newcastle University  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Society Newcastle University  Newcastle upon Tyne 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