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Out of 63 screened studies, 17 presented eligibility criteria, such as the use of ursolic acid on adiposity, energy expenditure and skeletal muscle mass in mice and humans. In the literature, we found that several physiological and molecular mechanisms are implicated in the effects of ursolic acid on obesity, energy expenditure, hepatic steatosis, skeletal muscle mass loss and physical fitness, such as (1) increase of thermogenesis by modulation adipocyte transcription factors, activation of 5\u2032 adenosine monophosphate\u2010activated protein kinase and overexpression of the uncoupling protein 1 thermogenic marker; (2) enhancement of skeletal muscle mass by activation in bloodstream growth hormone and insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20101 concentrations secretion, as well as in the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin and inhibition of ring\u2010finger protein\u20101; and (3) improvement of physical fitness by skeletal muscle proliferator\u2010activated receptor gamma co\u2010activator alpha and sirtuin 1 expression. Therefore, supplementation with ursolic acid may be an adjunctive therapy for prevention and treatment of obesity\u2010mediated and muscle mass\u2010mediated metabolic consequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,24]],"date-time":"2017-03-24T11:12:12Z","timestamp":1490353932000},"page":"700-711","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Ursolic acid and mechanisms of actions on adipose and muscle tissue: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Carlos K.","family":"Katashima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Campinas University  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vagner R.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campinas University  Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatyanne 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