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Global rates of obesity have been climbing at a similarly alarming rate, suggesting that these two factors may be linked. However, studies examining the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and male fertility have produced conflicting results. These discrepancies among studies are commonly attributed to limitations that are inherent in human studies such as correlational data and confounding factors\u2014limitations that are absent from animal studies. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of animal studies that experimentally induced obesity with a high\u2010fat diet and measured impacts on sperm traits and\/or male fertility. Overall, we found strong, consistent evidence in animal studies that high\u2010fat diets are detrimental for male fertility. Compared with controls, males fed a high\u2010fat diet had smaller testes and sex accessory glands relative to body size, reduced semen quality, reduced mating success, and reduced fertilization success. This is the first time that experimental data of high\u2010fat diet effects on male reproduction have been synthesized in a meta\u2010analysis, and thus, our results provide novel insight to the complex question of how dietary\u2010induced obesity affects male fertility. The strong negative effects detected in animal models suggest that the inconsistent results plaguing human studies are an artefact of limitations inherent in correlational studies rather than a true effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]],"date-time":"2019-02-13T03:45:13Z","timestamp":1550029513000},"page":"921-933","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["High\u2010fat diets reduce male reproductive success in animal models: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2605-6435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela J.","family":"Crean","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Charles Perkins Centre The University of Sydney  Sydney 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