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This systematic literature review aimed to identify real\u2010world (RW) evidence for AOMs to treat adults (\u00a0\u2265\u00a018\u2009years) with obesity or overweight (BMI\u2009\u00a0\u2265\u00a0\u200927\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). Searches conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Database, National Health Service (NHS) Economic Evaluation Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies of relevant FDA\u2010approved AOMs yielded 41 publications. Weight loss (WL) was consistently observed, with 14% to 58.6% of patients achieving\u00a0\u2265\u00a05% WL on orlistat, phentermine\/topiramate, naltrexone\/bupropion, phentermine, or liraglutide in studies of 3\u20136\u00a0months' duration where this was measured. When cardiometabolic risk factors were assessed, AOMs reduced or had no impact on blood pressure, lipids, or glycemia. RW data on the impact of AOMs on existing obesity\u2010related comorbidities and mortality were generally lacking. AOMs were associated with various adverse events, but these were of mild to moderate severity and no unexpected safety signals were reported. A pattern of poor adherence and persistence with AOMs was observed across studies. Overall, the review confirmed the effectiveness of AOMs in RW settings but demonstrated large gaps in the evidence base.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T05:25:17Z","timestamp":1629696317000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Clinical outcomes associated with anti\u2010obesity medications in real\u2010world practice: A systematic literature review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Nadia N.","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development \u2013 Obesity, Lilly Diabetes Eli Lilly and Company  Indianapolis IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kennedy\u2010Martin Health Outcomes Ltd  Hove UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tessa","family":"Kennedy\u2010Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kennedy\u2010Martin Health Outcomes Ltd  Hove UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiat Ling","family":"Poon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Patient Outcomes and Real World Evidence Eli Lilly and Company  Indianapolis IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4585-5016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Patient Outcomes and Real World Evidence Eli Lilly and Company  Indianapolis IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO).Obesity and overweight.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1614362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14040435"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"The Heavy Burden of Obesity: The Economics of Prevention. 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