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The 87 selected systematic reviews included 57 meta\u2010analyses. Methodological quality (AMSTAR2) was moderate in 62%, 12% low, and 26% critically low. Observational studies on obesity (10 reviews) reported less gut bacterial diversity with higher <jats:italic>Fusobacterium<\/jats:italic>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Lactobacillus reuteri<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Bacteroides fragilis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, whereas lower <jats:italic>Methanobrevibacter<\/jats:italic>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Akkermansia muciniphila<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Bifidobacterium animalis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> compared with nonobese. For diabetes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091), the same was found for <jats:italic>Fusobacterium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>A.\u00a0muciniphila<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, whereas higher <jats:italic>Ruminococcus<\/jats:italic> and lower <jats:italic>Faecalibacterium<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Roseburia<\/jats:italic>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Bacteroides vulgatus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, and several <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> spp. For NAFLD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092), lower Firmicutes, Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, whereas higher <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> were detected. Discriminating bacteria overlapped between metabolic disorders, those with high abundance being often involved in inflammation, whereas those with low abundance being used as probiotics. Meta\u2010analyses (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200954) on interventional studies reported 522 associations: 54% was statistically significant with intermediate effect size and moderate between\u2010study heterogeneity. Meta\u2010evidence was highest for probiotics and lowest for fecal transplant. Future avenues include better methodological quality\/comparability, testing functional differences, new intervention strategies, and considerating other body habitats and kingdoms.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/obr13409-toc-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"image\"\/><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T09:20:06Z","timestamp":1641201606000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Human microbiome and metabolic health: An overview of systematic reviews"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3069-7254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie","family":"Michels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Semi","family":"Zouiouich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bert","family":"Vanderbauwhede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Vanacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. 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