{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:35:56Z","timestamp":1792157756312,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>General adiposity is a well\u2010known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. By contrast, the interconnection between high intra\u2010pancreatic fat deposition and cardiovascular disease has been scantily investigated. This field\u2010wide systematic review aimed to map the available evidence on cardiovascular disease according to the fat content of the pancreas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A literature search using two electronic databases (MEDLINE and Embase) was conducted independently by two reviewers. Studies reporting on the association between intra\u2010pancreatic fat deposition and cardiovascular disease in humans were included. Where meta\u2010analysis was possible, data were pooled using a random\u2010effects method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 16 studies published between 1966 and 2024 were included. The most credible findings across domains of heart diseases, diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries, as well as subclinical atherosclerosis provided supportive evidence of a positive relationship between high intra\u2010pancreatic fat deposition and cardiovascular disease. Meta\u2010analysis showed that high intra\u2010pancreatic fat deposition was significantly associated with increased aortic intima\u2010media thickness (mean difference: 0.19\u2009mm; 95% confidence interval: 0.12\u20130.26; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), increased carotid intima\u2010media thickness (mean difference: 0.06\u2009mm; 95% confidence interval: 0.03\u20130.08; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and increased vascular stiffness (mean difference: 167\u2009cm\/s; 95% confidence interval: 81\u2013254; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The accumulated evidence from more than 7000 people demonstrates a tangible connection of intra\u2010pancreatic fat deposition with cardiovascular disease (especially, subclinical atherosclerosis). Purposely designed investigations of high intra\u2010pancreatic fat deposition as an additional risk factor (independent of general adiposity) for cardiovascular disease are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T16:57:23Z","timestamp":1741712243000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Relationship of fat in the pancreas with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yingxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5923-9062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxim S.","family":"Petrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Cardiovascular diseases (CVDS). World Health Organization. Published June 11 2021. Accessed February 20 2024.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4601.099487"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.816694"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.7.891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002\u20139149(94)90676\u20139"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575\u2010021\u201000551\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002792"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2016.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3142"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"Joanna Briggs Institute.Critical appraisal tools. Accessed April 30 2024.https:\/\/jbi.global\/critical-appraisal-tools"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. Version 6.4 (updated August 2023)","author":"Higgins JP","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015\u20134091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2017.0107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2014.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000001447"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6515\/ACS.201903_35(2).20181009A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S456172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330\u2010023\u201009630\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life14010002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001059"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6515\/ACS.202211_38(6).20220424A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00033197211038334"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000001396"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0046\u20108177(84)80294\u20134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S299060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700920232"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.1869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010021\u201005583\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010022\u201021688\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933\u2010023\u201001828\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.59.1.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.21.2709"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0912063"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468\u20101253(23)00064\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1213441"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15698"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463\u20131326.2006.00590.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933\u2010020\u201001098\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2019.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2022.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15550"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2023.102881"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010022\u201005793\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.14600"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.24154"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db21\u20100129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2023.101391"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2024.101428"}],"container-title":["Obesity Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/obr.13914","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T21:34:50Z","timestamp":1749072890000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/obr.13914"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/obr.13914"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/obr.13914","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1467-7881","1467-789X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1467-7881","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-789X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13914"}}