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Peer\u2010reviewed research using interest\u2010holder\u2013driven causal loop diagrams to examine food environments, access, purchasing, diet, obesity, and related interventions\/policies was included. A comprehensive search of six databases (ProQuest Central, Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Emcare) yielded 40 eligible studies from a pool of 1370 unique records. We synthesize study characteristics, the intended uses of causal loop diagrams, methodological approaches, evaluation processes, and key findings. While all studies identified individual and behavioral drivers of obesity, studies based in the Global South more frequently featured structural factors such as racism, discrimination, crime, and incarceration. Papers focused on engaging minoritized populations similarly emphasized structural\u2010level themes such as urban agriculture, gentrification, community investment, and capacity building. Our findings highlight the potential of causal loop diagrams to capture the interconnectedness and complexity of food systems, diet, and obesity, along with gaps in the geographical coverage of study efforts, as well as the representation of key populations in current conceptualizations of food systems. This review offers methodological insights for researchers and practitioners seeking to apply causal loop diagrams to understand and address complex public health issues related to food systems, diet, and obesity within their local contexts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T08:23:32Z","timestamp":1750148612000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Causal Loop Diagrams of Food Systems, Diet, and Obesity: A Scoping Review of Methods, Contextual Factors, and Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9232-2749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"Stankov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UniSA Allied Health &amp; Human Performance University of South Australia  Adelaide SA Australia"},{"name":"Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health Drexel University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andres","family":"Useche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management &amp; Policy, Dornsife School of Public Health Drexel University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Lekkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UniSA Allied Health &amp; Human Performance University of South Australia  Adelaide SA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosie\u00a0Mae","family":"Henson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management &amp; Policy, Dornsife School of Public Health Drexel University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Headen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health Drexel University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Purtle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Policy &amp; Management, School of Global Public Health New York University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent\u00a0A.","family":"Langellier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health Drexel University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Management &amp; Policy, Dornsife School of Public Health Drexel University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Food Systems\u2010Definition, Concept and Application for the UN Food Systems Summit","volume":"27","author":"Von Braun J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science Innovation"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"B.Butland S.Jebb P.Kopelman. et\u00a0al.Tackling Obesities: Future Choices\u2010Project Report. 10. 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