{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T09:47:07Z","timestamp":1791798427086,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the UK, over 25% of adults are living with obesity, with disproportionately higher rates among Black adults (35%) and those in the most deprived areas (36%). Obesity is linked to increased comorbidity, mortality, stigma, and substantial annual health costs exceeding \u00a311.4 billion. Behavioral weight\u2010management programmes are the primary intervention recommended for obesity treatment, yet they demonstrate limited effectiveness, inadequate long\u2010term support, a lack of personalized care and poor cultural relevance. Participatory approaches, that is, bottom\u2010up strategies engaging communities, are increasingly applied in public health to address social determinants and reduce disparities. Individuals supported to manage their health and access care are considered \u201cempowered\u201d; however, this concept remains ambiguous, lacking clear definition and consistent application. Although global policy promotes empowerment to promote individual health, including weight\u2010management, no review has explored its role within obesity and weight\u2010management programmes. This scoping review examined how empowerment has been defined and implemented across behavioral weight\u2010management programmes. Eleven studies were identified published between 2004 and 2023, revealing poor consensus in their theoretical foundations, definitions, and practical applications of empowerment, with no UK\u2010based studies. To support conceptual clarity, studies definitions and empowerment\u2010based processes were consolidated. Further research is needed in UK settings to help define empowerment in this context and to enable effective translation between research, practice, and policy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.70141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:19:19Z","timestamp":1777249159000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Empowerment in Obesity and Behavioral Weight\u2010Management Programmes: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2144-3762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corinne","family":"Bolland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Society University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Robins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Society University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Society University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4672-631X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Sindall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Society University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"WHO. \u201cObesity and Overweight \u201d (2024):https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/obesity\u2010and\u2010overweight."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2022.01.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2017.03.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"OHID. \u201cObesity Profile: Short Statistical Commentary May 2024 \u201dhttps:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/update\u2010to\u2010the\u2010obesity\u2010profile\u2010on\u2010fingertips\/obesity\u2010profile\u2010short\u2010statistical\u2010commentary\u2010may\u20102024. accessed July 16 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"GOV.UK.Notice. Obesity Healthcare Goals https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/life\u2010sciences\u2010healthcare\u2010goals\/obesity\u2010healthcare\u2010goals. accessed April 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"V.Coulton L.Ells J.Blackshaw E.Boylan andA. A.Tedstone. \u201cA Guide to Delivering and Commissioning Tier 2 Adult Weight Management Services \u201d (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"Overweight and Obesity Management","author":"Nice","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","unstructured":"OHID. \u201cOfficial Statistics. 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