{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T09:47:05Z","timestamp":1791798425693,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) produces substantial and sustained weight loss, but concerns remain about skeletal muscle loss and sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a systematic review of longitudinal and cross\u2010sectional studies evaluating changes in muscle quantity, strength, and physical performance following MBS without interventions to preserve muscle. Searches were performed in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central, and the review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022354153). Study quality was assessed using the Evidence Project Risk of Bias Tool. Meta\u2010analyses were performed using standardized mean differences (SMDs) with random\u2010effects models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty\u2010six reports from 64 studies were included, covering diverse surgical procedures and populations. Absolute muscle quantity declined at all timepoints, increasing over time (1\u2010year SMD \u22120.80 [95% CI \u22120.97 to \u22120.63]), while relative muscle mass generally increased. Greater total weight loss predicted larger absolute muscle losses. Cross\u2010sectional comparisons with non\u2010surgical controls showed no consistent differences, although heterogeneity was high. Lower\u2010body functional strength (e.g., chair stand) typically improved, while absolute arm and leg strength modestly declined or remained stable. Physical performance outcomes generally improved, suggesting preserved or enhanced functional capacity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Muscle loss after MBS appears largely adaptive, proportional to weight loss, and does not consistently impair functional capacity. Absolute and relative changes should be interpreted in the context of overall weight reduction. Adoption of standardized outcome measures and obesity\u2010specific normative data for muscle quantity and function is needed to improve the early detection of sarcopenia and to distinguish adaptive muscle loss from clinically meaningful impairments after MBS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.70142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T04:00:16Z","timestamp":1776830416000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Beyond Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis on Muscle Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Gabri\u00ebl","family":"Eksteen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lore","family":"Dubois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Van\u00a0der\u00a0Schueren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Vanuytsel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1770-6862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Matthys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.19897"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae888"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","unstructured":"Committee IGR. 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