{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T10:02:43Z","timestamp":1784714563494,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity Reviews"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular (CV) outcomes of Glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 (GLP\u20101)\u2013based medicines among people with overweight and obese (OW\/OB) population have been investigated by meta\u2010analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but an overall summary is lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, EMBASE, Epistemonikos, and Cochrane databases were searched till May 2024 for meta\u2010analyses of RCTs that assessed CV outcomes of GLP\u20101\u2013based medicines among people with OW\/OB. GRADE approach was used to assess strength of associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nine studies with 58 unique meta\u2010analyses were included. Fifteen (25.9%) associations were statistically significant. Five high certainty evidence demonstrated beneficial effects of GLP\u20101 RAs on any CV events (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20091), major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092), and myocardial infarction (MI) (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092), whereas two associations on revascularization (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091) and CV events (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091) were supported by moderate certainty. Four associations demonstrated inverse effects of tirzepatide on MACE (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091; moderate) and hypertension (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093; low). Remaining four demonstrated higher risk of arrhythmia with GLP\u20101 RAs (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091; moderate) and increased heart rate with tirzepatide (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093; low to moderate). Although the inverse association between GLP\u20101 RAs and MACE and MI was significant and supported by high certainty evidence in both main and sensitivity analyses, these associations were no longer statistically significant among patients without CV disease (CVD) at baseline.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings suggest that GLP\u20101 RAs are associated with reduced risk of MACE, and MI among people with OW\/OB, but they were driven by studies with established CVD at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.70198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T09:21:59Z","timestamp":1784712119000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cardiovascular Outcomes of GLP\u20101\u2013Based Medicines Among People With Overweight and Obesity: An Umbrella Review of Meta\u2010Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Muhammed","family":"Rashid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Lyn","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sajesh K.","family":"Veettil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy IMU University  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6222-6476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teerapon","family":"Dhippayom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Advancing Collaboration, Translation, and Innovation for Value in Evidence Synthesis (ACTIVES) Hub of Talent, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Naresuan University  Phitsanulok Thailand"},{"name":"The Research Unit of Evidence Synthesis (TRUES), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Naresuan University  Phitsanulok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice Y. Y.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trillium Health Partners and St. Michael's Hospital and Department of Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Simonetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4572-8794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathorn","family":"Chaiyakunapruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"IDEAS Centre, Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Healthcare System  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok 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